Commodity Market free essay sample

The principle objective is to dissect the attention to financial specialists in regards to ware showcase. To accomplish the general goal, different sub-destinations have been built up. These are: To contemplate the highlights of different items. To break down the market capability of the Commodity showcase. To think about the future forthcoming of the Commodity advertise. To discover increasingly more about the product showcase. Ware Exchange Terminal [pic] Introduction to Commodity Market What is â€Å"Commodity†? Any item that can be utilized for business or an article of trade which is exchanged on an approved product trade is known as ware. The article should be portable of significant worth, something which is purchased or sold and which is delivered or utilized as the subject or bargain or deal. In short product incorporates a wide range of merchandise. Indian Forward Contracts Regulation Act (FCRA), 1952 characterizes â€Å"goods† as â€Å"every sort of versatile property other than significant cases, cash and securities†. We will compose a custom paper test on Product Market or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In current circumstance, all merchandise and results of rural (counting estate), mineral and fossil birthplace are took into account item exchanging perceived under the FCRA. The national ware trades, perceived by the Central Government, licenses wares which incorporate valuable (gold and silver) and non-ferrous metals, oats and beats, ginned and un-ginned cotton, oil seeds, oils and oil cakes, crude jute and jute merchandise, sugar and guar, potatoes nd onions, espresso and tea, elastic and flavors. And so on [pic][pic][pic][pic][pic][pic] [pic][pic][pic] What is an item trade? An item trade is an affiliation or an organization or some other body corporate arranging prospects exchanging products for which permit has been allowed by directing position. STRUCTURE OF COMMODITY MARKET [pic] List of Exchanges in India 1. Bhatinda Om Oil Exchange Ltd. , Bhatinda. 2. The Bombay Commodity Exchange Ltd. , Mumbai 3. The Rajkot Seeds oil Bullion Merchants Association Ltd 4. The Kanpur Commodit y Exchange Ltd. , Kanpur 5. The Meerut Agro Commodities Exchange Co. Ltd. , Meerut 6. The Spices and Oilseeds Exchange Ltd. 7. Ahmadabad Commodity Exchange Ltd. 8. Vijay Beopar Chamber Ltd. , Muzaffarnagar 9. India Pepper Spice Trade Association, Kochi 10. Rajdhani Oils and Oilseeds Exchange Ltd. , Delhi 11. National Board of Trade, Indore 12. The Chamber Of Commerce, Hapur 13. The East India Cotton Association, Mumbai 14. The Central India Commercial Exchange Ltd. , Gwalior 15. The East India Jute Hessian Exchange Ltd. 16. First Commodity Exchange of India Ltd, Kochi 17. Bikaner Commodity Exchange Ltd. , Bikaner 18. The Coffee Futures Exchange India Ltd, Bangalore 9. Esugar India Limited 20. National Multi Commodity Exchange of India Limited 21. Surendranagar Cotton oil Oilseeds Association Ltd 22. Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd 23. National Commodity Derivatives Exchange Ltd 24. Haryana Commodities Ltd. , Hissar 25. e-Commodities Ltd Of these 25 wares trades the MCX, NCDEX and NMCEIL are the significant Commodity Exchanges. Multi Commodity Ex change of India Limited (MCX) Multi Commodity Exchange of India Limited (MCX) is an autonomous and de-mutualised trade with changeless redesign from Government of India, having Head Quarter in Mumbai. Key investors of MCX are Financial Technologies (India) Limited, State Bank of India, Union Bank of India, Corporation Bank of India, Bank of India and Canara Bank. MCX encourages web based exchanging, clearing and settlement activities for product prospects showcase the nation over. MCX began of exchange Nov 2003 and has fabricated vital partnership with Bombay Bullion Association, Bombay Metal Exchange, Solvent Extractors Association of India, beats Importers Association and Shetkari Sanghatana. MCX manages around 100 items. For which Xerox duplicate of any of the accompanying can be given a) PAN card Number b) Driving License c) Vote ID d) Passport What articulations ought to be given for Bank Proof? The first page of Bank Pass Book and a dropped check of a concerned bank. In any case the Bank Statement containing subtleties can be given. What are the points of interest to be given for address confirmation? So as to find out the location of financial specialist, the clearing part will demand Xerox duplicate of Ration card or the Pass Book/Bank Statement where the location of speculator is given. What are different structures to be marked by the speculator? The clearing part will request that the customer sign a) Know your customer structure ) Risk Discloser Document The above things are just methodology in character and the hazard in question and simply in the wake of understanding the business, he needs to execute business. What viewpoints ought to be thought of while choosing an item agent? While choo sing a ware merchant speculator ought to preferably remember certain angles to guarantee that they are not being missed in whichever way.

Essay Writing - Guide to Prepare For College Essays

Essay Writing - Guide to Prepare For College EssaysEssay writing is a creative and insightful way to reach your higher goals. By giving proper time and attention, you can write a perfect essay for a college or an internship. So what makes essay writing different from other writing? What are the factors that you should consider while writing a college essay?This is the most important factor of essay writing: Being well-prepared. No matter how many questions you have in mind when preparing for a topic in a college essay, you have to consider the list of things beforehand, whether it is an essay on the history of Europe, or on the post-WWII economic development of the US. The necessary information about history, economics, culture, politics, etc., should be present in your mind at all times, because once you go into detail about a particular topic, you can't just skip it in the end.However, if you don't have enough knowledge about the subject matter, or you are not sure about the conten t that you will have to write, you can always rely on study resource materials that are available over the internet. There are lots of research resources that contain all the information about the topic, including the definitions, grammatical issues, examples, etc. You can always ask for help from someone who already knows the subject so you don't have to think about what to write and when to start writing.A great opportunity to practice is to set a deadline for yourself. On this deadline, you can give your own individual test of your skill and prepare yourself for the full semester of essays.If you have a difficult subject to write about, you may want to ask your professor for a specific writing assignment, especially if you have a passion for that particular subject. Another option is to talk to your counselor, and try to find someone who has a good writing ability. Once you have a solid foundation of writing, you can now work on the details and make your essay more concise and fo cused.Yet another thing to do is to speak with people around you, even if it is only a friend or a neighbor. Listen to what they have to say about their experiences in the field, or about how they were able to achieve their goals. You can also ask them for their advice, especially if you are in doubt about the main idea of your essay.As soon as you have found the right resource, you have to consider some important points. This is very important since there is no point in spending a lot of time on a topic that is not worth it. Plus, if you are not fully prepared, you might never be able to complete your project on time, and the essay will not be able to be graded.Lastly, when you are done with your project, you have to discuss it with your teacher, especially if he/she requires you to write a different type of essay. Discuss what are the biggest mistake that you made in your writing, and why you were unable to achieve the desired results. Doing this will help you a lot in the future, so you better make this part of your preparation before writing your college essay.

Data Needs and Gaps

Questions: Shut finished inquiries What is your sexual orientation? To what extent or how long would you say you are connected with this association? From which age bunch do you have a place? Have you at any point met a close to miss in medicinal services office arrangement? How often you have met a close to miss in social insurance? Have you detailed your close to misses or blunders? Is absence of information factor adding to the close to misses? Do you think quick revealing is significant? Have you at any point met an extreme outcome of patient after a close to miss in social insurance? Ought to there be an individual to fault if close to miss is reported?Open-finished Questions What is your age, sexual orientation and residency of involvement with medicinal services settings? Do you have understanding of close to misses in medicinal services settings? In the event that truly, give a short portrayal. What is your perspective with respect to revealing of close to misses in social insurance set tings? Have you at any point experienced a circumstance when an unreported close to miss prompted genuine medical problem? How could you handle the circumstance? What factors in the social insurance settings of nursing are adding to these sorts of conduct of not announcing? Do you know how significant the revealing or documentation for these wonder are? From individual perspective, what are the particular requirements for lessening these sorts of mix-ups in social insurance settings? Would you be able to propose an announcing framework or quality control check point which can assist with diminishing clinical blunders and impact revealing close to misses? o you consider consolidation announcing framework will improve persistent results? Answers: Information Needs and Gaps Presentation The subject of the requirements evaluation study incorporates teaching the significance of close to misses or mistakes in a social insurance office. The examination has thought about Registered medical attendants (RN) and Licensed viable attendants (LPN) as the objective populace for the investigation. This segment of the examination will concentrate on dissecting the holes in information existing inside the chose association for example Baxter International, which may impede the general conductance of the investigation. ID of the Gaps There are sure key holes that is predominant inside the tasks of Baxter International. One of the significant hole applicable to information incorporate the hole between the medical attendants and the patients and the medicinal services unit (Strub, 2010). Mistakes for the most part esteem to happen in medicinal services unit when there is a hole between evaluation approaches of the attendants in setting to the medical problems of the patients. Another imperative hole that has been distinguished in this setting incorporate absence of recognizable proof of the medical problems of the patients ahead of time. So as to manage or dispense with the close to misses and blunder, RN ought to have the agreement to distinguish the medical problems of the patients well ahead of time to manage the equivalent emphatically with no mistake (Crane et. al. 2015). There has been an absence of appropriate preparing for the RN inside the chose social insurance units which is additionally can be viewed as a potential issues of information hole. Moreover, the administration of the social insurance unit likewise needs terms of the executives of the data identifying with mistakes and close to misses for utilizing equivalent to future references to dispense with the issues (Baxter, 2016). There has been countless preventable blunder that has been featured as a piece of new approach of the medicinal services specialists. According to the examination led inside the chose medicinal services unit for example Baxter International, there has additionally been an absence of checking from the administration of the association towards managing the issues of close to misses and blunders (Wolf Hughes, 2010). Legitimate checking of the methodology of the attendants and social insurance experts is imperative according to the new arrangements of Medicare framework to manage the mistakes inside the human services working environment. Owing this specific failure of the administration of Baxter Internat ional, it turns out to be very trying for the unit to wipe out the preventable mistakes from the work environment (Manaq, 2011). According to the standards of Medicare framework the preventable blunders and close miss ought not be overlooked and subsequently Baxter International ought to likewise move decidedly in such manner. Distinguishing proof of the Solutions There are sure arrangements that can be created so as to manage the information holes recognized in the above segment of the examination. Outstandingly, legitimate information the board would one of the key quality of overseeing mistakes and close to misses inside the human services work environment. At the point when the administration of the organizations can record such episodes of blunders and close to misses, it would help in improving the equivalent with appropriate preparing and improvement of the RNs. In this specific situation, legitimate preparing and advancement can be viewed as a potential methodology or arrangement on the loose. Another indispensable answer for manage the distinguished issues incorporate reediness of the attendants in their practices. This can be advanced through powerful direction program inside the work environment of the chose social insurance association (Pharmacol, 2009). The arrangements that can be viewed as effective in this setting will incorpor ate appropriate observing of the methodologies of the RNs and Licensed commonsense medical caretakers (LPN). Nursing rehearses for the RNs and LPNs should have the option to get legitimate preparing for managing the blunders and close to misses associated with their work approach inside the working environment. Cooperation will likewise be one of the arrangement that can be considered by the medical caretakers inside the tasks of Baxter International. Collaboration can guarantee that the medical attendants can work productively while managing the medical problems of patients and work as a gathering to take out the all the undesirable blunders. In such manner, the administration of the human services association needs to put close oversight upon the exercises of the medical attendants while managing the patient. Subsequently, it tends to be seen that these arrangements may work adequately towards disposing of the blunders and close misses inside the work environment (Pharmacol, 2009) . End From the general investigation, it tends to be inferred that taking out close misses and blunders inside the work environment of medicinal services association can additionally progress in the direction of improving the possibility of patient consideration. This can likewise help in improving the operational nature of the social insurance association. In such manner, both need holes and the resulting arrangements pertinent to the activities of Baxter International has been considered in this investigation. References Baxter. (2016). Manageability. Recovered from https://www.baxter.com/corporate-obligation/supportability/overview.page? Crane, S. et. al. (2015). Detailing and Using Near-miss Events to Improve Patient Safety in Diverse Primary Care Practices: A Collaborative Approach to Learning from Our Mistakes. Diary of the American Board of Family Medicine, 28 (4): 452-460. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2015.04.140050. Manaq, J. N. (2011). Attendants' impression of drug mistakes and their contributing components in South Korea. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 19 (3):346-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2011.01249.x. Pharmacol, J. C. (2009). Prescription blunders: Emerging arrangements. English Pharmacological Society, 67 (6): 589-591, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03420.x. Strub, W. (2010). Close to Miss Reporting: An Educational Program. Recovered from https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1013context=nursing_etd_masters Wolf, Z. R. Hughes, R. G. (2010). Tolerant Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. Recovered from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2652/

Buying Writing Essays

Buying Writing Essays If you have made the decision to become an expert writer, you own a task in your hand. The practice works beautifully. So the best method to enhance the writing skill is the cultivation of particular habits like reading, great observation, etc.. If you are able to take some measures to enhance your writing skills, it's an amazing thing. Ideally, the major body of an essay must consists of a few paragraphs, and unique sections based on what writing style you're using and the quantity of explanation that ought to be given on a particular topic. Your region of study may not concentrate on grammar or language but correct spelling and decent use of grammar indicates a degree of professionalism and demonstrates your ability in not just your own area but also with respect to language. The reality is that a whole lot of the assignments a student is provided during their studies are mere bureaucratic formalities. Paraphrasing implies retelling some points from the original source in your words, you must demonstrate that you understood the material and not only copy the info you hear or read. Ruthless Writing Essays Strategies Exploited Writing essay is something which is extremely familiar for every one of us back when we are still schooling. Writing essays is part of student life in any respect levels. It is an easy s kill to master. Writing argumentative essay is a complicated job, as it requires the presence of many skills at the exact moment. Your Vocabulary Having a superior vocabulary is readily the ideal way to express yourself. When you haven't tried employing an advanced Grammar Spelling and Punctuation Checker you ought to try it the moment you are able to. Editing is a significant portion of writing assignments. Speedy overview Proper Grammar Writing Checker is a sophisticated artificial-intelligence technology that could automatically identify writing problems like grammar and punctuation and extend proper corrections. Adapting to student life isn't impossible but it's hard. My career plans change each time I look from the window. Well, gauging your acumen and your knack and capability to write needs to be the very first condition. When you go to college, you face several drastic changes in your daily life, and it typically takes lots of mental effort to handle them properly. Lies You've Been Told About Writing Essays The excellent essays ought to be informative and self explanatory. You may also offer y our own personal views about this issue and the result in the conclusion of the poetry essays. If you want to get excellent grades in essays, read on to learn. Right following your research, write down all of the crucial information which you have found in a bit of paper. So should you need a great paper written quickly for a fair price, turn to us and we'll help you. Nevertheless, the trick to a prosperous research paper is organization. An essay paper or another document should always be written by arranging all of the info in a suitable format. Otherwise, the standard of the paper might not be considered high by the reader. To begin with, the standard of the essay becomes enhanced with that. You're able to rely on us whenever you require a great essay, research paper, or another sort of academic writing. A great essay writing company with a great reputation gives good excellent help on the best way to compose essays. What You Need to Know About Writing Essays There are different ways as well to address the difficulty and that's the subsequent article. Creating an outline of your primary thoughts and secondary points can help you keep coherent. All extra info, arguments and examples are given within the body, together with detailed explanation. To begin with, you have to choose the right topic for building a thesis statement. Choosing Writing Essays Is Simple Some individuals have the capacity of excellent writing but find it problematic to work on confusing topics so it's much better to request assistance from a sp ecialist. As a way to accomplish this, students have to obey a few actions. Some students highly depend on the web for sources due to its convenience. When it has to do with working with professionals, the best course of action would be with us. All you have to do is consult with an expert customized essay writing service like ours that is guaranteed to submit all of your assigned work punctually. There are a few topics which are absolutely unseen and students find difficulty in locating the correct direction and method of information collection. As you see, there are many reasons to acquire expert help with your custom writing.

Business Law Term Paper Rent a Car Contract - 6396 Words

Term Paper Rent-a-Car Contract ADM 3360A Andrew Sarofeim 4856542 December 7, 2010 Introduction With the ability to fly anywhere around the world at a relatively affordable price, many Canadians are finding themselves taking trips to visit family, friends, or complete strangers more often than ever before. However, the ability to travel in a given destination of choice will require the ability to drive a car. This has created a large demand for cars that can be rented, hence the large amount of rent-a-car locations being created all around the world. In order to rent a car in a given travel destination, consumers must abide by a very strict contract that consumers must agree†¦show more content†¦Part three explains that as the result of the consumer accepting the vehicle as is, the consumer waives all right to return the vehicle to the premise if the consumer finds out that the vehicle looks or feels different than originally sought. Clause 3 – Payment by Renter A – (1) Defines what constitutes what an hour means for the purposes of the contract. For the purposes of the contract, it represents 60 consecutive minutes. (2) Defines what constitutes what a day means for the purposes of the contract. For the purposes of the contract, a day represents 24 consecutive hours. (3) Defines what constitutes a calendar day. A calendar day represents either a full or partial day, which will be determined by hours. (4) Defines what constitutes a week. For the purposes of the contract, a week is determined by 7 consecutive days with 24 hour periods. (5) Defines what constitutes a month. For the purposes of the contract, a month represents 30 consecutive 24 hour days. (6) This sub clause explains that the owner must charge the consumer for atleast a minimum of one day. B – (1) The renter agrees to pay the owner the amount of total time that the vehicle has been in the hands of the consumer, as stated by the total per day value stated on the first page of the contract. (2) If the owner has offered free km as anShow MoreRelatedFinal Exam1137 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿BUSINESS LAW FINAL EXAM This is a take-home exam. The exam is to be handed out on July 26, 2012 and returned on July 31, 2012 on the final exam time. The group leader will assign each group member a question and each group member will answer the question and return the answer to the group leader. The group leader will grade each member in terms of cooperation and totality of the answer. The group leader will submit a final draft on exam date (July 31, 2012). The final draft must be done inRead MoreContract Law Case Study Essay1980 Words   |  8 PagesContract Law Case Study Both the parties in the question have come to a problematic situation which is complicated to resolve. Friends of the Forest (Friends), represented by Christabel, is involved in a commercial trade with Paper Supplies Pty Ltd (Paper) which is represented by Dee. A contract needs four essential elements to exist. In the situation, it is obvious that the four elementsRead MoreContent of a valid contract3516 Words   |  15 PagesThe importance of the essential elements required for the formation of a valid contract-explain (P1.1) A contract will be enforceable if it can satisfy some basic conditions. These type conditions are known as elements of essential for a valid contract. Every legal contract satisfies these conditions. Without satisfying these conditions a contract can’t be acceptable. That’s why for the formation of a legal contract satisfying the essential elements is very important. 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This is a common practice known as a â€Å"spot delivery,† which can leave the customer in a position to be taken advantage of by the dealer (Georgia Department of Law, 2015). Upon returning home from their trip, they discovered that although the dealership could find no one to financeRead MoreThe Theory Of Contract Law Essay2157 Words   |  9 Pagessomeone decided to rent a car at rental company for renting a car in exchange for reasonable amount of money. Let’s say that the company gives his/her a written paper with personal information attached, then the individual sign the paper. When this situation happens, a contract is made regardless through verbal agreement or signing required documents . By understanding how the subject of law works, one must understand the theory of contract law. It is essential in all forms of business relationships betweenRead MoreDiscuss How Administrative Agencies Like The Securities And Exchange Commission (SEC) Or The Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) Take Action In Order To Be Effective In Preventing High-Risk Gambles In Securities / Banking2163 Words   |  9 Pagessecurities / banking, a foundation of the economy. It is debated by Calomiris and Kahn (1991), Jensen and Meckling (1976) and Diamond and Rajan (2001) that debt taken under the standards of the SEC or CFTC also reduces the ethical threat of executive rent withdrawal. According to the studies conducted recently, Acharya et al (2011) gather the aforesaid models and exhibit that if the leverage is too little then the debt holders are deficient in motivation to supervise the manager as debt is principallyRead MoreTest 1 Question Bank8509 Words   |  35 PagesBusiness Law 265 Spring 2008 Exam #1, February 26, 2008 1. Jerry sent a letter containing an offer to sell his mountain bike to Bill for $300.   This letter was sent on Oct. 1 and it was received on Oct. 4.   On Oct. 5 Bill sent a letter to Jerry accepting the offer.   But then Bill changed his mind; on Oct 6 Bill sent a message by personal messenger to Jerry, rejecting Jerry’s offer.   The messenger delivered the rejection and it was received by Jerry on Oct. 7.   The letter containing Bill’sRead MoreContract Law Assignment 36699 Words   |  27 PagesThis assignment involves me: * Explaining the law with respect to consumer protection * Analysing how consumers are protected in the event of a breach of contract for sale of goods * Describing remedies available for breach of contract * Analysing the remedies available to a business provider in the event of a breach of contract for the supply of goods or services Task 1 Heep Ltd want to leave some lorries for two weeks at micawbers garage, the following morning heep received aRead MoreEssay about Hold Up Problem19245 Words   |  77 Pagesfor more than 5 years, the Fisher Body–General Motors (GM) contract for the supply of automobile bodies broke down when GM’s demand for Fisher’s bodies unexpectedly increased dramatically. This pushed the imperfect contractual arrangement between the parties outside the self-enforcing range and led Fisher to take advantage of the fact that GM was contractually obligated to purchase bodies on a cost-plus basis. Fisher increased its short-term proï ¬ t by failing to make the investments required by GM in

Understanding The Epidemiology Of Infectious Diseases

Around 6 years of age, I was outside playing with other children when I noticed a group of people building something in an area. Everyone gathered around to observe them and saw water coming out of a pump. There were a few stories about drinking unsafe water or eating contaminated foods which led to gastrointestinal diseases, but very little effort was made to prevent this. While in my undergraduate years studying to become a physician, I noticed how doctors were trained in intervention medicine, but not many practiced preventive medicine. I decided that I wanted to enact positive impact by improving population health through researching and understanding the epidemiology of infectious diseases, seeking viable possibilities to eliminate health conditions and partnering with stakeholders to drive public policies and economic growth in developing countries. By the end of my sophomore year, I started pursuing a degree in public health. At Rutgers, I took two courses--public health preparedness and epidemiology--that captured my interest in public health. As I listened to experts speak intensively about effective communication with vulnerable population and ways to modify incidence, prevalence and mortality rates within the communities, I saw the possibilities of improving the quality of lives for many. My professors carried such genuine interest in educating us on various public health issues that by the end of the course, I was sure that I wanted to contribute in some howShow MoreRelatedEssay about assignment 11195 Words   |  5 PagesApplication of Epidemiology – A Case Study Analyze Good Health Hospital s records and itemize records and itemize recent nosocomial infections that occurred within the past year. In your report, categorize the different parameters (i.e., person, time, place, ethnicity, and gender) used in the compilation of data into the information summative. 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Network epidemiology has been proved as an indispensable approach for understanding epidemics of infectious diseases and is often used in medical epidemiology and network science. The most famous and practical example of network epidemiology is the GLEAMviz platform, which succeeded in forecasting the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, saving millions of lives. Behind network epidemiology, one can assumeRead MoreEpidemiology And The Center Of Disease Prevention And Control Essay1064 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the Center of Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), by definition, epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health and health outcomes in populations. Several methods can be used to carry out epidemiological investigation includes surveillance and descriptive study and analytical studies are used to study determinants (CDC, 2012). Determinants can be categorize d as causes and risk factors that influence the pandemic of a disease. 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I loved the idea of spending my days in a vineyard, nurturing grapes to maturity and then creating a final product that was entirely different from its humble beginning. It wasn’t until I was working in a lab at a winery that I realized winemaking wasRead MoreEpidemiology622 Words   |  3 PagesEpidemiology Name: Institution: Course: Tutor: Date: Abstract Descriptive epidemiology is based on two important premises which are central in the field. The first premise states that disease does not occur in isolation. Secondly, patterns of disease occurrence are placed under three important categories of person, place and time. This paper seeks to build understanding on the three areas by giving relevant examples where they are applied. Read MoreMy Interest On Public Health988 Words   |  4 PagesPhD in epidemiology, which will allow me to pursue my goal of further refining my skills in epidemiology with a career in academia as well as in the non-profit sector. During my career as a senior clinical research coordinator at Mount Sinai hospital in New York City, I had an opportunity to work with a diverse community of patients and it quickly became apparent to me the gap in health disparities was emphasized by race and financial status. My work exposed me to a broad spectrum of diseases fromRead MoreIn A Hospital Setting, Healthcare Personnel More Than Often992 Words   |  4 Pagesencounter patients with infectious diseases or opportunistic host to these. Here is when the study of epidemiology comes as a helpful tool. Epidemiology is the science of preventive medicine, and provides a framework or tool, called epidemiological triad, for understanding the interactions between the agent, host, and environment. Common diagnoses found in the acute care setting are, urinary tract infection, common cold, ear infections, coronary disease, and pulmonary disease. Nurses need to have knowledgeRead MoreWhat is Epidemiology?1686 Words   |  7 Pageshe lp the cycle amongs others, that will further prevent other diseases from occurring. Using epidemiology and the epidemiology triangle diabetes in African Americans will be observed. This health concern in many communities in the United States that can be prevented and helped, but information is the key to success. In this paper we will be examining the definition and description of epidemiology, the steps and methods of epidemiology, reviewing the data of the selected population. We will also be

Schubert String Quintet in C Major Essay Example For Students

Schubert String Quintet in C Major Essay String quintets date back as early as 1607, when the quintet was employed in Claudio Monteverdis opera LOrfeo. Fast-forward over 200 years later, and you will find the works of Franz Schubert that were written for string quintet, one example being his String Quintet in C Major for Strings, D. 956. Franz Schubert lived from 1797 to 1828. The String Quintet, which is Schuberts final chamberwork and his only full-fledged string quintet, was written in 1828 two months before he died when Schubert was 31 years old. Amazingly, when Schubert offered his work to one of the publishers, he was uninterested, causing Schubert to have a private rehearsal of the piece just one month before his death. Amazingly, the piece was not heard in public until 1850, an entire twenty-two years after he died. It then was finally published in 1853. Typically, a string quartet would be comprised of two violins, one viola, and two cellos. When deciding on the instrumentation for their quintets, both Mozart and Beethoven chose to keep a normal string quintet instrumentation, and simply added a second viola. Schubert, however, did not decide to take this route. He decided instead upon adding a second cello, which gives his Quintet a slightly different sound resulting in bit of a darker and more grave sounding ensemble. Schubert had great admiration for Mozart and Beethoven, so it has been suggested that Schubert selected the key of C major for his only string quintet because both Mozart and Beethoven composed string quintets in that key. It has also been noted that the opening theme of Schuberts quintet contains quite a few elements that Mozarts String Quintet No. 3 in C major, K. 515 contained. These similarities include irregular phrase lengths, decorative turns, and rising staccato arpeggios although the staccato arpeggios occurred in Schuberts recapitulation, not his opening theme. The Quintet contains four movements in the typical fast-slow-scherzo-fast pattern, and takes nearly an hour to perform from start to finish. Schubert was sure to choose the voicings for each movement carefully, pairing them in such a way that the sound of the ensemble is different in every one. Each movement sounds completely fresh and new, and unlike the previous or following movements. The first movement, Allegro ma non troppo, makes up nearly one-third of the duration of the piece. The exposition begins on a C major chord, and mostly has the harmonies being presented, rather than a melody, and without a conventional sense of some kind of rhythm. The exposition contains 154 measures. Proceeding the exposition is music that has more and more motion and tension as the movements continues until the start of the second subject, which is very much different from the first. The key for this subject is E-flat, which is rather unanticipated. What follows is a duet between the two cellos. The conclusion of the exposition is G major chord, the dominant in the key of C major, allowing the movement to go back to the tonic chord on the repeat of the exposition. After this repeat, the development starts by modulating from the dominant to the submediant, allowing the music to move from G major to A major. The second movement, Adagio, is in three-part ABA (ternary) form. The outer areas are in E major and have a very tranquil and ethereal feel to them, and the music in between is rough and intense before suddenly falling into tranquility in F minor. The opening music comes back with the second cello playing a 32nd note running passage, seemingly getting its fuel from the agitation in the music played previously. Right at the last minute in the final three measures of the movement, Schubert connects it all by modulating back to the F minor from the middle of section, and then goes right back to E major. The third movement, Scherzo, is in C major. The movement takes advantage of the open and uncompressed strings of the lower instruments, allowing the sound to have a volume larger than that which is normally expected from five stringed instruments. .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376 , .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376 .postImageUrl , .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376 , .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376:hover , .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376:visited , .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376:active { border:0!important; } .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376:active , .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376 .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaa8e24237b95c675496747cebe9b4376:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Frederic Chopin EssayThe trio of this movement is in the key of D-flat major, which is an odd key considering the movement began in C major. This middle section is a very slow march. The fourth and final movement, Allegretto, is a lively sonata-rondo that is similar in form to the finale of Mozarts C major quintet, the same work that this piece already bears some similarities to. The movement is in C major, but it does switch between major and minor modes. The very end is unconventional; the last two notes of the piece are odd, and they are D-flat and C played by every part at forte.

Importance of computer in education system free essay sample

The computer and its related technologies are now such an integral part of every day life that it must be an ingredient in educating for participation in present and future society. For educators it is a tool for lesson preparation: research information on any topic find activities to print and use gather ideas used by other teachers for presenting lessons using word processing, page layout and presentation software to produce activity pages and audio/video lesson presentations The internet in particular keeps teachers up to date when they join in on forums and blogs about teaching practices etc. Online courses are also available for adding to teaching credentials. (This is a boon for those who are not living close enough to a large city centre where classes, conferences and meetings can easily be attended. ) For students, access to computer (and in particular internet technology) at school can be a great leveler. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of computer in education system or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While most students are comfortable using the computer, those who do not have one at home are at a disadvantage for completing assignments that require research and producing a printed document. The computer can be a tool for learning in many areas of the curriculum: math teachers should take advantage of the opportunity to allow students to create spreadsheets to manipulate data formal teaching in the finer points of using word processing and presentation software to produce polished presentations of creative writing or research reports would prepare students to meet the expectations of the business world music classes can be dynamic when students are given the opportunity to explore composition using computer software. Learn about varieties of music by listening to files available on the internet set up pen pals in another city or country for their students to learn communication skills (also a great way for students who are learning another language to practise by chatting with another student Teachers are constantly discovering new ways to integrate computers into their programs. In todays education the computer has become the new pencil and paper, text book, library and in many cases   teacher.

The Spanish-American War, this essay talks about wether or not Americas actions in the Spanish American war were justifiable.

The Spanish-American War, this essay talks about wether or not Americas actions in the Spanish American war were justifiable. Ever since we were old enough to know what pride and dignity was, we have had it. Even though the Bible says not to be prideful, it is almost an unavoidable thing. When someone does something to hurt my pride I know I always want to find a way to get him or her back. This is the same with the United States. Although everyone has their own opinion about the war, I think one of the main reasons the United States went to war is because of something that was said against the United States. However, that is not the only reason they went into war. Did the U.S. have a valid reason to enter the war? I do not think they did, and I will analyze many of the causes of the war and try to prove why they are reasons not worth going to war.The Americans at this time in history (late 1800's early 1900's) were in a position of great power and wealth.Opening page of the Platt AmendmentSince America no longer had to worry about the frontier, they decided to try to civilize other nations. After rising as a world power in a short amount of time, "Some Nations achieve greatness; the United States had greatness thrust upon it" (qtd American Voices 385) the United States felt they could succeed in civilizing other countries. But did America really enter the war to civilize Cuba? No they did not; America had other goals and thoughts in mind besides aiding the world. Killing is "The White Man's Burden" and is a poor attempt to justify the reasoning for the Spanish-American War. One of the reasons America entered the war is because of a tactic called Yellow Journalism. One of the writers of this style stated, "You furnish the pictures and I'll...

Compare and contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 16

Compare and contrast - Essay Example She can also be very humorous and sends everybody on the floor laughing at her funny and interesting stories. On the other hand Anne’s personality is quite the opposite and is headstrong, catty and likes voicing her opinion. Mary at times seems to be laid back and brings out the funny bit of herself. Anne brings out the more augmentative and charismatic side .Though they have two completely different personalities, they are fun to be with. Mary is quite the opposite of my character whereas Anne is more like me in personality. My two friends also have interests that are somewhat the same. Anne and I both play football for our school whereas Mary loves snowboarding which she really enjoys. Anne on the other hand enjoys the sport and has gone several times particularly during the winter. Mary is so much into boys and student council. Nevertheless, both of my friends are into extra-curricular activities in various ways. Whereas the two differ in several ways in each category, nevertheless, they both seem to complete my life in various ways. Anne makes me think in a more analytical manner than what I am actually used to whereas Mary makes me view life at a different angle and not in a very serious manner. Even though both of them do not think greatly of one another, I do not know how I would cope without their varying opinions in life not forgetting their immense

Comments on readings Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Comments on readings - Assignment Example Family emergencies with the children whether they are in school or at home will keep her away from her work responsibilities not to mention seeking maternity leave for over three months in order to go deliver and take care of her child. This is more than a company can handle and is actually a loss to them. People have erroneously taken flexible working arrangement as an arrangement which is only for the people with families or rather young children. This is however only a myth as it is a high potential issue even with those without children as it provides convenience and more growth opportunities for an individual. All these myths about flexible working arrangement needs to be put out in the public and people dissuaded from using them once they learn the truth through research. The fact that everybody or at least most people would like the opportunity to juggle between wok and personal time but still get paid doing so is a reality on the ground for many companies (Beninger and Carter, 2013). There are a lot of myths which for a long time have been thought to be truthful as research indicates. The facts being provided by this article should be made public through proper communication pattern to the people. The human resource manager can be in the best position to do so once an individual is hired. Gender gaps are a reality in society and unless something is done about them, they will always be an issue for everyone and especially the women. Gender gaps are social constructs which means they can not only be filled through the correct channels but they can also be completely eliminated by the society if great efforts are dedicated to it. The gender gaps are most common in the employment industries and especially in regards to wages as explained by the author. This has been allowed to continue even though there are laws stating otherwise. What needs to be done

Historical accounts Essay Example for Free

Historical accounts Essay Historical accounts that support the role of globalization in poverty reduction are observed especially during peace time and pro-globalization among countries. There is at least eighty percent of the world population that lived at an inflation-adjusted $1 per day at the onset of wartime in the early nineteenth century (Srinivasan and Wallack 2003). Half century by half century, this level is consistently lowered with drastic improvement in post-war period. However, up to this day, debates continued at the gates of international organizations such as WTO, WB, IMF, etc. Most of the protagonists are still in doubt not on how globalization contributed to economic growth but more importantly how it impacted the poor. These debates are inconsistent with historical accounts that proved globalization as solution to poverty. The impact of globalization on poverty is a matter of time to give way for trickle effects, institutional adjustments and change of perception on traditional beliefs. And so, in the long run, there are fewer questions about the benefits that poor may have from globalization. In this view, protagonists are highly concern on the distance between the deliveries of poverty effects of globalization to the grass root people which are normally the poor with economic growth serving as intermediary. They are primarily concern on how unequal the amount that is delivered and how unfair the delay of those amount. Thus, economic growth is criticized to prioritize the welfare of the well-off sector rather than the welfare of the poor. The preceding statement is especially true when the risks of well-off people are compared with the risks of the poor. The former have ease in searching for employment, has enough liquidity for the delay in the welfare delivery and thus in the position to be doubly happy. On the other hand, the latter is in reverse situation aggravated by subsistence living and exposure to physical hazards and capitalist exploitation making them in absolute despair by lengthy wait for delivery of minimal welfare. A good example is the inequitable income distribution. As industries expand business due to increasing inflow of direct and portfolio capital from abroad, well-off people are prioritized to jobs that are created due to formal education. If they are terminated or walk out of the office in their voluntary preference, they are still on-demand from expanding businesses. In contrast, the poor with little knowledge of how the sector works and little options would feel inferior and thus is willing to take whatever salary, conditions of work and other dictates of their employer. Both their mobility and freedom are taken away. There are several empirical studies that suggest globalization is pro-poor. Besley and Burgess (2003) found that there is a negative relationship between the poverty and income per capita. In monitoring GDP growth and poverty on a twenty-year frame from 1980 to 2000, Deaton (2001) concluded that economic growth is responsible to poverty reduction in India. China, which is referred to as an economic giant awaken by foreign direct investments, is quoted by Park and Wang (2001) to have drastically eradicated rural poverty since 1998. To evidence that the role of globalization is not only limited to income aspect, poor nations in Africa showed high levels of lowered poverty during the 1990s elevated by consequently addressing issues of mortality, education and AIDS epidemic. According to Besley and Burgess (2003), economic growth is only possible when three resources are present; namely, physical capital, human capital and technological change. This is illustrated in many ways. As the poor gain equal knowledge as the well-off, the former salary will increase and thus get both of them in equal footing in terms of income. As newer technologies primarily in agriculture increase the yield of the poor, their incomes as well as capitalist tendencies will simultaneously benefit. There is even a surplus harvest to attend their nutritional demands and less risk that a natural calamity will make this positive situation short-lived. As road infrastructure takes over the rural and farm areas, access to larger markets and faster economic activity will further improve the situation of the poor. These three sources of economic growth can be done minimally by the national and local government due to the vicious cycle of being a poor nation. With globalization, deficient funding will not be a hindrance to provide sources of economic growth due to inflow of capital. Accepting the argument that economic growth is indeed a good middleman to improve the welfare of the poor from globalization, the global community must have an average annual economic growth of 3. 8% by 2015 with lowest demand growth from Eastern Europe and Central Asia and highest demand growth from Sub-Saharan Africa (Besley and Burgess 2003). Eminent in the work of Srinivasan and Wallack (2003) is that globalization must be coupled with redistribution such as price support and public services to the poor. On the other hand, Besley and Burgess (2003) specifically defined their preference on the term redistribution through income distribution. They argued that the volatility of income distribution among developing countries is very minimal. Thus, the impact of globalization on the poor sector is loomed by increasing the average income of the population. In the study of Dollar and Kraay (2001), it is found that globalizing large economies of the developing world are characterized by large rise in trade and large fall in tariff barriers starting in 1980s. Economic growth compared to 1970s is higher for the following decade through 1990s. However, even with this figures, non-globalizing developing countries that are small did not gain the same success of their large economy counterparts. On the positive side, the welfare of the poor in respect to level of income is argued to have regression relevance with the level of trade. This study supported the role of globalization to poverty reduction and the effectiveness of economic growth to deliver the necessary benefits to industries, sectors and public at large. Still, the minority of small countries that may not have the sufficient market as well as institutional backbone to exploit large foreign capital inflows are hoping for the miracles of globalization. Conclusion Would I support Globalization in terms of growth? The answer is relative and as much as we would like to place straightforward answer we cannot. It is hard to generalize the behavior of developed countries towards transition economies. The overlapping issue is that the former is offering the latter with the chance to achieve the former economic status without going through historical hardships which can include war. This is an offer that is hard to give away especially that most governments of transition economies are administered by older people. In addition, inability to integrate relations to world affairs at least partially would make the transitional country weak against global shocks, external feud and addressing of internal objectives. To this view, globalization is for growth since it encourages transitional economies to join the globalization wave to improve national economy. On the flip side, it is rational for the leaders of transitional economies to make a well-prepared and if not rigid bilateral and multilateral agreements with trading partners. This is true especially when its internal resources are vulnerable to adverse spill-over effects of globalization. It is a conservative but helpful to view these treaties as anti-growth particularly on quality of life, history and well-being of the nation’s identity. Internal resources do not only include people, places and things but also intangible resources like ideologies and memories. Globalization serves as intervening if not modifying mechanisms to status quo of these components. As a result, to be able to protect the non-economic growth of several national treasures and resources, seeing globalization as anti-growth to internal well-being is valid. References Besley, Timothy J, Burgess, Robin (2003). Halving global poverty. Journal of economic perspectives, 17(3), 3-22. David Dollar, Aart Kraay (2004) Trade, Growth, and Poverty* The Economic Journal 114 (493), F22–F49 Deaton, Angus. (2001a), â€Å"Counting the World’s Poor’s Problems and Possible Solutions,† World Bank Research Observer, 16(2), 125-47. Park, A. and S. Wang (2001), â€Å"China’s Poverty Statistics,† China Economic Review, 23, 384-95. Srinivasan, T. N.? Wallack, J. S. ,â€Å"Globalization,Growthandthe Poor†,in De Economist, 152 (2), 2004, p. 251

Grace and The Death Essay -- Literature, James Joyce

The characters of James Joyce’s Dubliners live in a world where they are psychologically stagnant despite the impact of social experiences in their lives. Each character’s development depends on their interactions with others as well as their individual decisions. From childhood to adulthood, the protagonists have encounters with family, friends, or colleagues that result in either negative or positive effects on their growth and awareness of their current state of unhappiness. The addition of relationships, or camaraderie, does not come into full effect until the latter half of the book, where the themes are expressed in darker tones and the writing style become more ambiguous. Joyce lightens the mood of the Dubliners with the portrayal of camaraderie in his final two stories, â€Å"Grace† and â€Å"The Dead† which give a realness and complexity to the problems of Dublin life. In most cases, camaraderie does not adhere well with the characters of the Dubliners because of their innate sense of independence or their distrust of the community. But by distancing themselves from family and friends, they are allowing themselves to suffer alone. Their inability to commit to relationships and to feel genuine compassion for others prevents them from experiencing the full benefit of camaraderie. The contribution of the masculine and family camaraderie renders an ironic, whimsical effect in â€Å"Grace† whereas â€Å"The Dead† ends with a bittersweet consequence for its protagonist. Joyce introduces the motif of the alcoholism throughout the Dubliners, not only as an emphasis on an Irish stereotype but to contribute a cause for an adult Dubliner’s corruption. He satirizes the Irish pub as a sort of assembly hall for this masculine camaraderie, though it ... ...s† that Joyce refers to. The endings of â€Å"Grace† and â€Å"The Dead† resonate intensely with the feelings of the soul by looking past the egotism and prejudice. The indefinite conclusion allows readers to focus on the capability of the protagonist to bring to completion his reformation. Bibliography Book Sources †¢ Joyce, James, Edna O'Brien, and Malachy McCourt. Dubliners. New York: Signet Classics, 2007. Internet Sources †¢ Ames, William. "Interpretation of Grace from Dubliners, by James Joyce." On Grace. The Poet's Forum. Web. 12 Mar. 2012. . †¢ "Penguin.com (usa)." Dubliners. Penguin Group USA. Web. 12 Mar. 2012. . †¢ Williams, Bob. "Dubliners." - by James Joyce. Web. 12 Mar. 2012. .

Neurological Features Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Health And Social Care Essay

Systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE ) is a chronic multisystem autoimmune connective tissue upset, which has variable clinical manifestations that range from mild to life-threatening. Young adult females between their late teens and early 40s have a much higher prevalence in developing SLE, with a female to male ratio of 9:1 [ 7 ] . In the United States ( U.S. ) for illustration, Lawrence et Al. [ 8 ] reported that SLE appeared to be more common in black adult females than in other population groups. One U.S. retrospective survey of patient medical records, by McCarty et Al. [ 9 ] found that the disease was diagnosed 23 times more frequently in black adult females. Certain cultural groups besides appear to demo a higher prevalence, such as people with Afro – Caribbean [ 127 – 129 ] or African beginning [ 130 – 133 ] . The world-wide prevalence of SLE ranges between 12 and 50 per 100,000. These figures vary and are related to location and to the patient ‘s ethnicity every bit good as better acknowledgment of the disease today [ 10 ] . Factors such as sunshine, the part of infection, oestrogen endocrines, emphasis and drugs may precipitate the disease and there is besides a complex familial footing [ 11 ] . It has been reported by Deapen et Al. [ 12 ] that a familial factor in the sensitivity to the disease is reflected by 25 % harmony in indistinguishable twins. Many of the recent familial findings, [ 13, 14 ] seem sensible from a mechanistic point of view: they identify cistrons with of import functions in the immune system ; on occasion in concurrence with functional informations of the allelomorphs tested that besides fit the paradigm of loss of self-tolerance. Familial lacks of complement besides plays a function, [ 15 ] with C1q, C1r, C1s C4, and C2 being the most of import of the complement proteins, [ 16 ] nevertheless, no individual cause for SLE has been identified. Recent information, [ 17 ] besides suggested that a about omnipresent virus Epstein-Barr virus ( EBV ) might besides play a facilitating function [ 18 – 22 ] . A case-control survey, by James et Al. [ 23 ] demonstrated that EBV antibodies were present in 99 % , and EBV DNA was present in 100 % of the kids and immature grownups who had SLE, which was significantly higher than those in the control group. Despite this, the association between active EBV infection and the precipitation of SLE remains ill-defined. Neuropsychiatric manifestations are progressively recognised in patients with SLE. These include a broad assortment of neurological and psychiatric characteristics that account for considerable morbidity and mortality in these patients. They besides involve both the cardinal and peripheral nervous systems and scope from elusive abnormalcies of cognitive disfunction and anxiousness to obvious manifestations, such as shot, ictuss and psychosis. This article through systematic published literature, efforts to summarize the of import neurological characteristics of cardinal nervous system disease of SLE.Clinical PresentationThe widely recognised presentation of a immature female showing with inflammatory arthritis and a butterfly roseola on the face ( Fig 1 ) is comparatively uncommon [ 7 ] . Non-specific symptoms of unease, weariness, arthralgia, unwritten ulcers, radiosensitivity, lymphadenopathy, pleuritic thorax strivings, concerns, parathesiae, symptoms of dry eyes and oral cavity, Raynaud ‘s phenomenon and mild hair loss are the more likely presentations [ 24 ] . Fig 1. Typical â€Å" butterfly † -like roseola over the cheeks in SLE [ 24 ] . The diagnosing of SLE of single patients hence requires certain clinical and laboratory informations, [ 25 ] based on the widely accepted modified ( 1997 ) standards suggested by the American College of Rheumatology ( ACR ) ( although intended, and in fact more utile for research and curative test intents ) ( Table 1 ) [ 26 ] . The agencies to early diagnosing is in the clinical rating of patients. It should include a complete ‘systems ‘ reappraisal with scrutiny and subsequent probes, guided by the extent of organ involvement [ 7 ] . For illustration, in primary attention, a diagnosing of SLE or a related upset is often evident after clinical rating, uranalysis for blood and protein. Probes such as a full blood count ( FBC ) , which frequently shows an anemia or a cytopenia, nephritic and liver map trials and acute stage reactants: a high erythrocyte deposit rate ( ESR ) with a normal C reactive protein ( CRP ) concentration are characteristic. A simple algorithm for the diagnosing of SLE is provided as an illustration ( Fig 2 ) [ 25 – 29 ] .Central nervous system diseaseHistoryCentral nervous system ( CNS ) engagement in SLE was foremost described by Kaposi in 1872 [ 1 ] . Osler in 1903 was the first to describe a perennial focal intellectual ischemia in SLE [ 2 ] . Libman and Sacks [ 3 ] described endocarditis in SLE in 1924. The association of the lupus d ecoagulant ( LA ) and thrombosis in patients with SLE was described by Bowie et Al. [ 4 ] in 1963, and in 1968 Johnson and Richardson reported neuropathlogical findings in 24 instances of SLE [ 5 ] . In 1988, Devinsky et Al. [ 6 ] reported on an necropsy survey of 50 SLE patients ; 10 of whom had embolic intellectual infarcts, five caused by Libman-Sacks endocarditis and four from other cardiac beginnings.Neurological characteristicsCNS disease is extremely diverse and remains a challenge in footings of pathogenesis, appraisal and intervention and it is now better to see CNS disease in footings of separate syndromes. It is a serious but potentially treatable unwellness, which still presents really hard diagnostic challenges. The ACR defines 19 different syndromes in its categorization for the neurological complications of SLE ( Table 2 ) , as opposed to old uncomplete footings such as cardinal nervous system lupus, neurolupus or lupus cerebritis [ 30 ] . CNS engagement is reported to happen in 14 – 70 % of SLE patients [ 31 ] . The most common neurological manifestations of SLE are the organic brain disorders, which comprises of all the possible fluctuations of acute confusion, lassitude, or coma ; chronic dementedness ; depression, passion, or other affectional perturbations ; or psychosis.ConcernOf the more often encountered CNS complications, concerns are highly common. Fernandez-Nebro et Al. [ 32 ] and Raskin et Al. [ 33 ] stated that up to 40 % of persons experience severe disenabling concerns at least one time per twelvemonth. There are, nevertheless three controlled surveies in the literature on chronic or episodic concern [ 34 ] that can non be tracked back to other SLE syndromes [ 32, 35 ] .. The consequences are instead conflicting, nevertheless, and do non let for a unequivocal decision. For illustration, a nexus between megrim and SLE activity and ‘flare – ups ‘ has decidedly non been established [ 34, 35 ] . If future research confirms that megrim is so induced by SLE, the neurological load would still be overestimated by including megrim without limitation in the list of SLE neurological standards. Early surveies showed that concerns might react to corticosteroid intervention and this proved to be more effectual than the conventional anti-migraine therapy used in commanding concerns in SLE patients [ 36, 37 ] . A clear differentiation between CNS manifestations due to SLE and those due to antiphospholipid ( Hughes ) syndrome ( APS ) has been indicated [ 7 ] . An association of megrim concern with antiphospholipid antibodies ( APAs ) has been suggested, [ 38 ] nevertheless, more recent surveies have found no such nexus [ 35 ] .SeizuresSeizures are the following most frequent neurological complication and are known to happen in 14-25 % of patients ( compared with 0.5-1 % in the general population ) [ 39 ] . Seizures may ensue from intellectual vasculitis, cardiac intercalation, timeserving infection, drug poisoning, or associated metabolic mental unsoundnesss. They are more likely to be associated with APS than with intellectual vasculitis, which is highly rare in clinical pattern [ 40 ] . Electrolyte perturbation and medicative effects should be excluded, particularly those ensuing from antidepressants, stimulating medicines to handle weariness, or backdown from depressants or intoxicant. The primary neurological presentation of SLE is more common than originally thought ( 10/41 patients ) and included both ictuss ( 4 instances ) and motion upsets including Parkinsonism and chorea ( 4 instances ) [ 41 ] . Higher overall frequences of ictuss ( 42 % ) ; an early manifestation in 27 % , and in 10 % ictuss were the first SLE symptom seen. Epileptic ictuss are among the most common CNS manifestations in SLE. In separate surveies, Sibley et al. , [ 42 ] Steinlin et al. , [ 43 ] and Brinciotti et Al. [ 44 ] demonstrated that generalised tonic-clonic ictuss ( once known as expansive mal ictuss ) , simple and complex partial ictuss, automatic ictuss and position eliepticus all occur [ 45 ] . It is presumed that most ictuss in patients with SLE would be elicited by vascular abnormalcies in the encephalon, or would be either due to CNS infections or secondary to other marks, but this can non ever be demonstrated. In a big retrospective survey, in 18 out of 266 patients, ictuss were non attributable to any cause other than SLE [ 42 ] . Table 1. ACR Classification Criteria for SLE [ 26 ] The diagnosing of SLE requires the presence of four or more of the following 11 standards at the same time or in sequence ( besides see algorithm in Fig 2 ) .SLE standardDefinition or illustrationsSerositis Pleuritis – pleuritic hurting, Pleuralrub, pleural gush Pericarditis – Electrocardiogram alterations, pericardiac hang-up, pericardiac gush Oral ulcers Frequently painless sores Arthritis Nonerosive – two or more peripheral articulations affected Photosensitivity Skin roseola as a consequence of unusual reaction to sunlight Blood Hematologic upset Hemolytic anemia Leucopenia Lymphopenia Thrombocytopenia Nephritic upset Proteinuria ( with 3+ or more protein noted in urinalysis specimen or 0.5 g of protein/day ) Cellular dramatis personaes in piss Antinuclear antibody Antibodies to atomic components Immunological upset Anti- DNA antibodies Anti – Samarium antibodies Antiphospholipid antibodies Neurological upset Seizures Psychosis Malar roseola Fixed erythema over the malar distinctions Discoid roseola Erythematosus raised spots may mark ECG = EKG A mnemonic to retrieve the 11 symptoms is ‘SOAP BRAIN MD ‘ . Table 2. The neurological complications of SLE [ 30 ] Central nervous system Neurological Aseptic meningitis Cerebrovascular disease Multifocal subacute lesions Headache ( including megrim and idiopathic intracranial high blood pressure ) Motion upsets ( peculiarly chorea ) Myelopathy Seizure upset Psychiatric Acute confusional province Anxiety upset Cognitive map Temper upset Psychosis Peripheral nervous system Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy ( Guillain – Barre syndrome ) Autonomic upset Cranial neuropathy Mononeuropathy, individual or manifold Myastheia gravis Plexopathy PolyneuropathyDiagnosis of SLEPatient showing with disease manifestations affecting two or more organ systems ANA proving Titre a†°? 1:40 Titre & lt ; 1:40 See referral to rheumatologist for full Strong statement against SLE rating, including the followers: SLE ; alternate account ACR diagnostic standards ( see Table 1 ) for organ system Lab trials: full blood count, uranalysis, manifestations should be serum creatinine degree and antiphospholipid, pursued anti-dsDNA and anti-Sm antibodies Explanation found No account Zero to three Four or more Sufficient to See referral to ACR standards ACR standards regulation out SLE rheumatologist if inquiry of SLE or uncomplete SLE remains No SLE or SLE Incomplete SLE Fig 2. An algorithm for the diagnosing of SLE. ( ANA = antinuclear antibody ; ACR = American College of Rheumatology ; anti-dsDNA = antibody to duplicate isolated DNA antigen ; antiSm = antibody to Sm atomic antigen ) . Information from mentions: [ 25 – 29 ] Stroke and perennial transient ischemic onslaughts ( TIAs ) are among the CNS diagnoses seen in 3-15 % of instances ; although these figures vary harmonizing to the literature [ 46 – 48 ] . Annual shots were calculated for illustration, utilizing informations from 91 patients with SLE observed for 599 patient-years. It was found that the shot rate dropped from 6.6 % in twelvemonth 1 to 0.6 % during old ages 6-10 [ 46 ] . The International Classification of Diseases ( ICD-9 ) codification for SLE, estimated that ‘cerebrovascular accidents ‘ were 10 times more frequent in 18 to 44 twelvemonth old females with SLE, than in those of similar age without the disease [ 49 ] . The frequence of ‘cerebrovascular accidents ‘ were about twice as frequent in in-between age ( 45-64 year ) , whereas in old age, the frequence was found to be somewhat below normal. APAs have one time once more been implicated, as shown by Provenzale et Al [ 50 ] . Neuroimaging surveies suggested no important differences in the incidence of multifocal little white affair lesions, or of big vas shots, between patients with primary or secondary APS. Harmonizing to the literature, subarachnoid bleeding in SLE is good documented [ 47, 51 – 55 ] , nevertheless, by far the most studies of this are from one state: Japan. A survey by Mimori et Al. [ 56 ] of the medical records of patients with SLE in one Nipponese Centre, covering a 20 twelvemonth period, revealed that 10 of 258 patients had at some clip experienced a ( clinically defined ) subarachnoid bleeding. Figures in the literature on TIAs in SLE indicate that the overall incidence is raised [ 46, 48, 57 ] .Aseptic meningitisAcute, chronic or recurrent sterile meningitis is a rare manifestation of SLE. The term is frequently used for a meningeal syndrome of non-infectious beginning with some grade of nuchal rigidness ( neck stiffness ) and with increased white cells ( pleocytosis ) in the cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF ) [ 26, 58 ] . Pathologically, meningeal redness is found in about fifth part of patients [ 59 ] . SLE should be considered in any patient who ab initio presents with a meningitic image and in whom beings have non been identified, particularly if the meningitis is perennial. Aseptic meningitis has been reported in patients with shot or ‘ischaemic encephalon lesions ‘ ; vasculitis was non demonstrated, but was non ruled out [ 60, 61 ] . There are studies of sterile meningitis following non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( even after merely a individual tablet ) in SLE and assorted connective tissue disease. Jolles et Al. [ 62 ] stated that up to 60 % of patients with SLE are estimated to hold CNS symptoms associated with redness at some clip during their unwellness, and that this could predispose them to drug-induced sterile meningitis ( DIAM ) . Maignen et Al. [ 63 ] suggested that assorted drugs ( non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents such as isobutylphenyl propionic acid and Clinoril, antibiotics such as cotrimoxazole, trimethoprim, Cipro and assorted drugs such as carbamazepine, human immune globulin and muromonab CD3 ) can be associated with development of DIAM and those patients with SLE and/or connective tissue upsets are at a higher hazard. Ibuprofen for illustration, has been reported on a figure of occasions as a cause of sterile meningitis, particularly in patients with SLE [ 64, 65 ] . The exact mechanism for the reaction to these agents is non to the full understood, but it is speculated that APAs perchance have a function. Meningeal symptoms occur a few hours after drug consumption and decide without sequelae within one or two yearss after the drug is withdrawn. Chorea, although rare, is frequently quoted as the classical neurological characteristic of SLE [ 43 ] . There are conflicting studies, as suggested by Janvas et Al. [ 66 ] and Cervera et Al. [ 67, 68 ] in respect to its incidence, runing from 1-4 % . It can develop at any clip, but is more likely to look during an ague flair, which has led some research workers to propose that it could be used as a marker of disease activity, where there is a reported return rate of up to 25 % . It has besides been associated with shot [ 69 ] and with idiopathic intracranial high blood pressure and dural fistula thrombosis in kids [ 70 ] . It is non yet clear, nevertheless, whether it is due to a vascular abuse or to antibody-induced neural disfunction [ 71, 72 ] . Psychiatric perturbations range from temper and personality upsets to psychosis, the latter being defined as a psychotic upset, harmonizing to the standards of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM-IV ) [ 73 ] . No alone clinical image is seen, but three comparatively distinguishable forms can be discerned: ‘pure ‘ behavioural or psychiatric unwellness without overcasting of consciousness, subacute encephalopathy/encephalitis, and dementedness. Affectional upsets, peculiarly anxiousness and depression are the most common ( e.g. in 103 of 414 outpatients from two surveies and 19 of 43 hospitalised patients from another survey ) , though non in similar proportions in the surveies [ 74 – 76 ] . It has, nevertheless, non been shown that these upsets occur more often in patients with SLE [ 77 ] than in those with arthritic arthritis or other chronic diseases [ 78 – 80 ] . The association with psychotic episodes – ‘lupus psychosis ‘ – is more dependable [ 81 ] , although its differentiation from corticoid induced psychosis can be hard. In a big and frequently quoted retrospective survey, 11 of 266 patients developed psychosis during a average follow-up period of at least 90 months [ 42 ] . Delusions, ocular and audile hallucinations, catatonia and transition upsets are all good recognised [ 82 ] . Dementia is a normally recognized complication, although small elaborate published information is available. Harmonizing to DSM-IV, ‘cognitive upset ‘ can be compensated for at least partly ; the diagnosing therefore requires neuropsychological appraisal [ 73 ] . The per centum of patients with SLE enduring from cognitive upset varies among surveies. For illustration, an overall incidence of cognitive alterations in SLE of 55 % has been suggested [ 83, 84 ] . In four surveies, these figures varied from 21-35 % , [ 85 – 88 ] and from 43-67 % in two other surveies [ 89, 90 ] . All these fluctuations are due in portion to different cut-offs that were chosen for normalcy by these different writers. Furthermore some writers [ 91, 92 ] contend that the grade of cognitive upset fluctuates over clip, but this is disputed by others [ 88 ] . Two possible causes of cognitive upset have been suggested: little vas vasculopathy and an antibody mediated consequence on neural operation [ 85, 93 ] . Perturbations of the cranial [ 94 – 97 ] and peripheral nervousnesss – individual and manifold [ 98 ] , rete [ 99, 100 ] , sensorimotor [ 101 – 103 ] , and autonomic lesions [ 102, 104 – 106 ] , myasthenia gravis [ 107, 108 ] , and Guillain-Barre syndrome [ 109 – 111 ] , have all been reported in SLE, albeit with limited survey.Antiphospholipid syndrome ( Hughes syndrome )The ‘antiphospholipid syndrome ‘ ( APS ) was first described in patients with SLE ( secondary APS ) , but may happen in the absence of any other upset ( primary APS ) . In other words, the branchings of this syndrome extend beyond SLE, to all subjects of medical specialty. An emerg ing impression is the differentiation between CNS manifestations due to SLE and those caused by APS [ 112 ] . Some constituents of APS have been recognised since the 1950s, but the complete syndrome was non to the full described until 1983 [ 113 ] . Since so the categorization standards have been updated to include manifestations non antecedently distinctive [ 114 ] . Categorization standards for ruinous APS have been validated, and a world-wide registry set up to enter clinical informations for these rare patients in order to analyze intervention and results [ 115 ] . A description of the clinical characteristics of 1000 patients with this syndrome remains the largest of such series [ 116 ] . It is defined as the association of antiphospholipid antibodies ( APAs ) with arterial or venous thrombosis, perennial fetal loss, thrombopenia or neurological upsets such as shot and TIAs, transverse myelopathy, chorea and migrainous concern. Primary APS, nevertheless seldom progresses to SLE. One survey carried out on 128 patients over a 9 twelvemonth period showed that merely 8 % developed SLE ; where a positive antiglobulin trial was used as a clinically important forecaster of patterned advance [ 117 ] . The spectrum of clinical characteristics of APS continues to broaden with descriptions of nephritic arteria stricture [ 118 ] , metatarsal breaks [ 119 ] , avascular mortification [ 120 ] , and abnormalcies of vascular map [ 121 ] . Accelerated atheroma has become a major focal point of research in persons that have APS, with probes demoing cross-reactivity of antiphospholipids with oxidised LDL and early marks of arterial disease in these peculiar patients [ 121, 122 ] . George and Shoenfield [ 123 ] have termed APS as the ‘crossroads of autoimmunity and coronary artery disease ‘ . The contentions of intervention of APS remain, chiefly in footings of the sum of anticoagulation required to forestall perennial thrombosis. Two prospective surveies by Crowther et Al. [ 124 ] and Finazzi et Al. [ 125 ] indicated that a high-intensity government of anticoagulation, with international normalized ratios ( INRs ) above 3.0, were no better than conventional therapy with INRs of 2.0-3.0 in the bar of perennial thrombosis. This contradicted old retrospective informations. A farther survey by Levine et Al. [ 126 ] added drift to this research by proposing that positive baseline antiphospholipids in shot patients failed to foretell future cerebro-vascular occlusive accidents. It besides stated that everyday showing for antiphospholipids was non warranted. The survey has later been criticised as flawed, in that it was non designed to turn to the issue of testing and that merely one baseline measuring was used. Most physicians hence, still see antiphospholipid proving as being indispensable, particularly in immature shot victims.DecisionSLE was one time considered a rare disease with a universally fatal result. The past 20 old ages, nevertheless have shown that this upset is more common than originally thought and that it is treatable, with the bulk of patients now holding about normal life spans. One must be cognizant, nevertheless, that a patient who is diagnosed with SLE at 20 old ages of age still has a 1 in 6 opportunity of deceasing by 35 old ages o f age, largely from the disease itself and/or related infections. Reducing the cardiovascular hazard, which still claims significant loss of life, is besides of major importance. The neurological characteristics of cardinal nervous system disease of SLE are easy get downing to be unravelled, although there are still many inquiries that need to be answered. Delay in diagnosing, particularly in patients with low-grade disease, remains debatable. The staying challenges are in bettering the quality of life for these peculiar patients by bettering the symptoms of SLE. For illustration we will necessitate to develop biomarkers and neuroimaging trials for SLE – associated neuropsychiatric disease that have the ability to place the implicit in pathological mechanism and steer curative determinations [ 134 ] , which will hopefully ensue in more effectual intervention for this potentially dangerous unwellness.

Human Reproductive Cloning Is Immoral And Unnatural

Amber Cady Human Reproductive Cloning is Immoral and Unnatural Westmoreland County Community College Introduction In some ways, the never-ending scientific possibilities of our time have continued to exceed our expectations. Within the 20th century there has been new medical research on stem cell research, and we have successfully completed organ transplants—more recently face and skin transplants. Without progressions like this from science, many would not be alive today. But when does science take it too far? Is there a moral reason to continue†¦or a stopping point? If so, who determines where to draw the line? Science has already made it possible to clone an animal (Solter). Now, the idea of cloning humans is within our†¦show more content†¦Another argument has individual worth. Would someone who was born naturally going to be less valuable than a person who was cloned without any defects or flaws? Of course, many ethical concerns have been connected with or lead to other concerns. For instance, the cloning debate relates to the â€Å"designer baby† debate, where p arents choose certain physical features for their child. This could lead to a domination of the cloned versus those born naturally. It is important to note that this is not a logical fallacy of â€Å"slippery slope.† Again, within our last century, medical history has shown how left unchecked, power can result in unethical experiments . One of the most important arguments against cloning has been the probability of the outcome. In past animal cloning attempts, it has been significantly shown that things do not turn out as planned. There have been both unknowns and unknown unknowns that are simply unpredictable as technology has demonstrated. Animals that have been cloned have suffered multiple birth defects, deformities, and ultimately, death (can you cite a source?). 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