Human Behavior Experiment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human Behavior Experiment - Essay Example The video builds insight, using the two cases, on the bystander effect phenomenon (The Human Behavior Experiments, 2014). The video explains that individuals will follow authority even when the person is aware that it will result in a negative experience. The Milgram’s experiment was responsible for such a study whereby electric shocks were thought to be administered whenever the learner failed to answer the questions correctly. In addition, the Stanford Prison Experiment (SPE) by Zimbardo supplemented the study by illustrating that people would continuously follow authority blindly. The reason for such an act is that the people with authority are thought of being morally correct. As such, people are obliged to follow the orders given by such people in the case where they think disobedience would have dire consequences. As such, authority is deemed to be legally based and individuals have a responsibility to respond to legitimate authority. The documentary applies to criminal justice in the sense that every individual is liable to any misfortunes that occur in their presence if it is deemed that they acted in an ignorant and negligent manner. As such, it is a criminal offence to abscond or fail to help an individual who needs urgent help before his or her demise. In addition, the law enforcers are responsible for mitigating crime. As such, failing to incorporate them to a criminal activity constitutes a crime against the state; hence, a criminal offence. Individuals have a sole responsibility to report cases of criminal activities, lest they stand liable to any misfortunes. Authorities ought to know their roles when handling wrongdoers. As such, suspects or prisoners would never have to comply with harsh orders from the officers. In addition, there ought to be platforms for reporting cases of immorality that force individuals to obey commands blindly. It is prudent to note that individuals have a responsibility to apply moral judgment beyond the legal

Is Scott Electronics plcs current human resources strategy effective Essay Example for Free

Is Scott Electronics plcs current human resources strategy effective Essay To what extent do you think that Scott Electronics plc’s current human resources strategy is effective? (18) Human resource strategy is how a business sees its employees from different business point of view and they are seen as resources to complete the business objectives. Firstly the human resource strategy for Scott electronics is very effective because the firm’s labour productivity is very high with 105 compared to the industry average which is 100. This is very effective as it shows the level of recruitment and the staff the business is recruiting is doing very well which has a positive effect in the recruitment section therefore this will make the company recruit more staff which will increase the productivity of the business. Also the bonuses which is 40% and its 20% higher than the industry average, this shows that the bonuses are keeping the firms employees motivated and it drives them to work harder which mean there will be a increase in productivity and if productivity increases it will have a positive effect on the sales revenue as the company will sell more items which will increase the sales revue and profit. Also another reason why the human resource strategy for Scott electronics is very effective because it has a very unique centralised organisational structure. A centralised structure is where the entire decision making is done from the top of the hierarchy. This is an effective strategy because the entire decision making can be done from the main person who is in charge and it can be done very quickly without going through any difficulties. This is very effective because staff can work through the business objective rather than stressing on the extra responsibility they have on their shoulders which will make them stress free and become more productive. Also they can be told what to do and the managers will have control over their workforce so that employees are less likely to make mistakes or make wrong decisions which will make a negative impact the on the businesses performance. However the human resource strategy for Scott electronics is not that effective because high numbers of employees are on temporary contract which is 75% compared to the industry average which is 25%. This is bad for the business because it will make employees feel that the job security is not there and they are not guaranteed the job which the business can tell the employees that they are not in need and the employees will go away, therefore this might result in the employees not very motivated to do well and they might not think as if they are involved with the business. Also employees on temporary contract are more likely to leave the business as the labour turnover rate is at 10% which is higher than the industry average which is 6%. This is human resource strategy is ineffective because it lead to employees leaving the business every year and the business is losing experienced and valuable staff. Also another reason the human resource strategy for Scott electronics is not that effective because the training budget is below the industry average as Scott electronics training cost is  £500 compared to the industries average which is  £1000. This shows that the staff are not that well trained and most of the staff don’t know what they are doing sometimes or they might not know how the company operates as high level of training was not provided. This lead to the amount of defect products increased as the staffs were not well trained and they kept making mistakes therefore the numbers of defects products increased. This is one of my strongest reasons because staffs need to be well trained before they can start the job as they will know what they are doing and how they are going to carry out each task according the company structures of dealing with things. Therefore the staff need to be well trained and the business needs to increase its amount on training the staff which will allow the business to have staff that know what they are doing and make less mistakes as this will cause the staff to make less defect products. In conclusion I think that the human resources strategy is very effect to the business because average span of control for Scott’s electronic is 5 and industry average is 8. This has a greater advantage to the specific business because it will allow the business mangers to control their staff and monitor the progress which the manager can set targets and the targets can be analysed to see if they have reached the targets this will increase the productivity of the business as targets are reached and mangers have better control over their staff and the business. However I think that the current human resource strategy is not that effective to the business because the firm’s defected products are 10% and the industry average is 5% which is doubled the amount. Therefore you can tell that the strategy is not that effective as the staffs are making a lot of mistakes which will cost the business as the raw materials cost money to buy. Also this indicates that strategy is failing as staff are not well trained or may not experienced enough to work in the field which the bale goes the firms recruitment policy as the firm could have employed experienced staff which could have reduced the level of defected products.

The Evolution Of Jet Engines :: essays research papers

The Evolution of Jet Engines The jet engine is a complex propulsion device which draws in air by means of an intake, compresses it, heats it by means of an internal combustion engine, which when expelled it turns a turbine to produce thrust, resulting in a force sufficient enough to propell the aircraft in the opposite direction (Morgan 67). When the jet engine was thought of back in the 1920's the world never thought it would become a reality, but by 1941 the first successful jet flight was flown in England. Since then the types of engines have changed, but the basic principals have remained the same. In 1921 thoughts of a jet engine were based upon adaptations of piston engines and were usually very heavy and complicated. These thoughts were refined in the 1930's when the turbine engine design lead to the patent of the turbojet engine by Sir Frank Whittle of Great Britian. It was Sir Whittle's design that lead Great Britian into the jet age with the first successful flight. At the same time, the Germans were designing there own jet engine and aircraft which would be one of the factors that kept Germany alive in World War II. With technological advances by the allies a prototype turbojet known as the "Heinkel He 178" came into a few operational squadrons in the German, British, and the American air forces towards the end of World War II. These jets finally helped the allies to win the war against the axis powers(Smith 23-27). A later development in the jet industry was the overcoming of the sound barrier and establishing normal operations up to and beyond twice the speed of sound. Also air force bombers and transports were able to reach and cruise at supersonic speeds(Silverstein 56-70). In the late 1950's civil transcontinental jet services started with the Comet 4 and the Boeing 707. In the mid 1960's all major jet manufacturing companies revised their present engines with new materials such as aircraft aluminium which made them lighter and turbine changes so they could compress the air at a much higher pressure so the engine can produce much more thrust.The first supersonic airliner is the twin turbojet Concorde which flies at over twice the speed of sound which was brought into regular service in 1976(Smith 27-30). The one company that dominates the private jet industry is Bombardier which makes the Learjet turbofans, they have an approximate cruising distance of 1880 nautical miles(Jennings 103). In the future, turbojet engines will continue to further develop due to the technological advances made. As in graphite composite wings, thermoplastic

‘Describe and Evaluate Carl Jung’s Theory Concerning Personality Types Essay

Introduction In this essay I aim to show an apprehension of Jung’s personality types by depicting and measuring his theory and to demo how they might useful in assisting a healer to find curative ends. I will besides look at some of the unfavorable judgments levelled at Jung’s theory. Carl Gustav Jung. ( 26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961 ) . was a Swiss psychologist and head-shrinker. and the laminitis of analytical psychological science. His male parent was a Pastor. and he had an stray childhood. going really introspective. it seems he had a schizophrenic personality. Although Freud was involved with analytical psychological science and worked with patients with hysterical neuroticisms ; Jung. nevertheless. worked with psychotic patients in infirmary. He was struck by the cosmopolitan symbols ( or Archetypes ) in their psychotic beliefs and hallucinations ( ref. Dennis Brown and Jonathan Redder ( 1989 ) p. 107 ) . His work and influence extends manner beyond understanding personality. and he is considered to be one of the greatest minds to hold theorised about life and how people relate to it. Carl Jung was among many great personality theoreticians who drew inspiration and counsel from the ancient theoretical accounts like star divination and the Four Dispositions. For 100s of old ages at that place has been some sort of ‘typology’ to seek and categorize individual’s attitudes and behavior. e. g. Astrology. Oriental astrologists invented the oldest signifier of typology ; believing is that there is a personality trait that is relevant to each mark and that a person’s character/personality can be classified in footings of the elements – fire H2O air and Earth. Those under fire had a ardent nature and corresponding disposition and destiny. etc. The ancient Greeks believed in the ‘four temperaments’ / ‘four humours’ . which can be traced back to Ancient Greek medical specialty and doctrine ( 400BC ) . particularly in the work of Hippocrates – the ‘Father of Medicine’ ) and in Plato’s thoughts about character and personality. It was believed that in order to keep wellness. people needed an even balance of the four organic structure fluids: blood. emotionlessness. xanthous gall. and black gall. These four organic structure fluids were linked to certain variety meats and unwellnesss and besides represented the ‘Four Temperaments’ or ‘Four Humours’ of personality. The Grecian doctor Galen ( AD 130-200 ) subsequently introduced the facet of four basic dispositions reflecting the wits: the sanguine. floaty type ; the phlegmatic. sulky type ; the choleric. choleric type ; and the melancholiac. dejected type. Galen besides classified drugs in footings of their supposed effects on the four wits. He therefore created a systematic usher or choosing drugs. which although scientifically wrong were the foundation rock of handling psychological and psychiatric unwellnesss. Carl Jung approached personality and ‘psychological types’ ( besides referred to as Jung’s psychological types ) from a position of clinical depth psychology. He was one of the few psychologists in the 20th century to keep that development extends beyond childhood and adolescence through mid-life and into old age. He focused on set uping and developing a relationship between witting and unconscious procedures. Jung believed that Page 2 there was a duologue between the witting and unconscious and without it the unconscious procedures can weaken and even endanger the personality and this is seen in one of his cardinal constructs of individualization. He believed that individualization is a life long procedure of personal development that involves set uping a connexion between the self-importance and the ego. which could be brought to its highest realization if worked with and the unconscious was confronted. ( Stevens 1999 ) Jung. like Freud. referred to the self-importance when depicting the more witting facet of personality. Unlike Freud he did non seek to understate the unconscious side of the personality. but alternatively gave it equal position. complimentary to that of the witting. He referred to the integrated personality as Self ; the Centre of the entire mind. including both the witting and the unconscious. The Self includes all of a person’s qualities and potencies whether or non they become evident at a peculiar phase of life. The end of therapy is to steer the client to go a whole a human being as personal fortunes will let. It was out of Jung’s confrontation with the unconscious. both in himself and in his patients. that he easy elaborated his psychological science. In his 1921 work. ‘Personality Types’ . Jung compared his four maps ( as shown below ) of personality to the four points on a compass. While a individual faces one way. he or she still uses the other points as a usher. Most people keep one map as the dominant one although some people may develop two over a life-time. It is merely the individual who achieves self-fulfillment that has wholly developed all four maps. His book besides acted as the compass by which Jung tried to understand how he differed from Freud and Adler. but more significantly. could get down to chart the internal universe of people. Jung’s Four Psychological Functions are as follows: Rational Functions? Thinking ( procedure of cognitive idea ) ? Feeling ( map of subjective judgement or rating ) enabling determination doing Irrational Functions? Sensation ( perceptual experience utilizing the physical sense variety meats? Intuition ( receptiveness to unconscious contents ) supplying the information on which to do judgements. Jung held a deep grasp of originative life and considered spiritualty a cardinal portion of the human journey. There is a whole literature associating Jungian psychological science and spiritualty. chiefly from a Christian position. This literature includes Hagiographas by Kelsey ( 1974. 1982 ) and by Sanford ( 1968. 1981 ) . Caprio and Hedberg’s ( 1986 ) Coming Home: A Handbook for Researching the Sanctuary Within is a practical usher for religious work in the Christian tradition. It contains striking personal narratives. first-class illustrations. and utile exercisings. ( Frager & A ; Fadiman 2005 ) Jung’s description of personality provinces that in order to Page 3 place a psychological type it is necessary to find whether a individual is oriented chiefly toward his interior universe ( invagination ) or toward external world ( extroversion ) . known as the cardinal attitude of the person to underscore its importance. Jung’s eight personality types are as follows: ? Extroverted Thinking – Jung theorized that people understand the universe through a mix of concrete thoughts and abstract 1s. but the abstract constructs are 1s passed down from other people. Extroverted minds are frequently found working in the research scientific disciplines and mathematics. †¢Introverted Thinking – These persons interpret stimulation in the environment through a subjective and originative manner. The readings are informed by internal cognition and apprehension. Philosophers and theoretical scientists are frequently introspective thinking-oriented people. †¢Extroverted Feeling – These people judge the value of things based on nonsubjective fact. Comfortable in societal state of affairss. they form their sentiments based on socially accepted values and bulk beliefs. They are frequently found working in concern and political relations. †¢Introverted Feeling – These people make judgements based on subjective thoughts and on internally established beliefs. Oftentimes they ignore predominating attitudes and withstand societal norms of thought. Introverted feeling people thrive in callings as art critics. †¢Extroverted Feeling – These people perceive the universe as it truly exists. Their perceptual experiences are non colored by any preexistent beliefs. Jobs that require nonsubjective reappraisal. like vino taste testers and proofreaders. are best filled by extrospective feeling people. †¢Introverted Feeling – These persons interpret the universe through the lens of subjective attitudes and seldom see something for merely what it is. They make sense of the environment by giving it intending based on internal contemplation. Introverted feeling people frequently turn to assorted humanistic disciplines. including portrait picture and classical music. †¢Extroverted Intuitive – These people prefer to understand the significances of things through subliminally perceived nonsubjective fact instead than incoming centripetal information. They rely on intuitions and frequently disregard what they perceive straight from their senses. Inventors that come upon their innovation via a shot of penetration and some spiritual reformists are characterized by the extrovert intuitive type. †¢Introverted Intuitive – These persons. Jung idea. are deeply influenced by their internal motives even though they do non wholly understand them. They find intending through unconscious. subjective thoughts about the universe. Introverted intuitive people comprise a important part of mystics. phantasmagoric creative persons. and spiritual fiends. They are mysterious dreamers. concerned with possibilities instead than what is presently present. Seldom understood by others. Repress feeling. Jung described himself as an introspective intuitor. Introverts are people who prefer their internal universe of ideas. feelings. phantasies. dreams. and so on. while extraverts prefer the external universe of things and people and activities. Page 4 Today the words have become baffled with thoughts like shyness and sociableness. partly because introverts tend to be diffident and extraverts tend to be sociable. But Jung intended for them to mention more to whether you ( â€Å"ego† ) more frequently faced toward the character and outer world. or toward the corporate unconscious and its originals. In that sense. the introvert is slightly more mature than the extravert. Our civilization. of class. values the extravert much more. Jung warned that we all tend to value our ain type most. ( Boeree 1996 ) ; a impression which is peculiarly utile to healers today as it is of import non to let personal feelings to take topographic point when working with clients. Both introvert and extrovert overvalue their strengths and each tends to underestimate the other. To the extrovert. the introvert seems narcissistic and dull. and to the introvert. the extrovert appears superficial and insincere ( Fordham. 1966 ) . Jung believed that a individual remained an extrovert or introvert without alteration for the whole of his life. and that heredity determines whether the libido is directed inward or outward. Whether a individual is an introvert or extravert they need to cover with both their inner and outer universe. And each has their preferable manner of covering with it. ways which they are comfy with and good at. This hypothesised stableness of the introversion-extroversion trait is consistent with empirical research utilizing Non-Jungian steps of invagination and extroversion. ( Cloniger 2000 ) Jung suggested a nexus between each of the attitudes and certain neurotic upsets which will be discussed subsequently. We now find the introvert-extravert dimension in several theories. notably Hans Eysenck’s. In Eysenck’s ( 1982 ) position people are biosocial animate beings and that psychological science stands at the hamlets of biological scientific disciplines and societal scientific disciplines. He states that psychological science must go more of a true scientific discipline with methodological analysis in all that the healer does in order to allow personality theoreticians to do anticipations that can be tested and hence do possible the development of the causal theory of personality. which he believes will necessarily assist the healer with clients showing jobs. Jung compared the witting portion of the mind ( self-importance ) to an island that rises out of the sea. We notice merely the portion above the H2O. even though there is a greater land mass below the H2O – much like an iceberg. the unconscious prevarications below ( Fordam1953 ) . The personal unconscious is a reservoir of experience unique to each single consisting of perceptual experiences. ideas. feelings and memories that have been put to one side or repressed but non ever covered by sea and therefore can be reclaimed. Whereas the personal unconscious is alone to every person. the corporate unconscious is shared or â€Å"transpersonal† and consists of certain potencies that we all portion because of our human nature. because we all live in groups and in some signifier of society or household life. He believed that the corporate unconscious did non develop separately but was inherited and consisted of preexistent signifiers. the originals. An original is a cosmopolitan thought signifier or sensitivity to react to the universe in certain ways and is important to Jung’s construct of the corporate unconscious because it emphasises potencies in which we may show our humanity. He believed that they appeared to us in dreams. art. ritual. myths and symptoms. Eysenck believed that from a point of position of scientific discipline. Jung’s part to the survey of personality types had been chiefly negative as he permitted mystical impressions to overrule empirical informations and sought to travel beyond descriptive analysis to the causal analysis of personality. A individual is non normally defined by merely one of the eight personality types. Alternatively. the different maps exist in a hierarchy. One map will hold a superior consequence and another will hold a secondary consequence. Normally. harmonizing to Jung. a individual merely makes important use Page 5 of two maps. The other two take inferior places. Jung believed that it was non sufficient to possess merely one of the above-named maps to be a all-around personality and be able to confront life’s experiences. Jung described two of the four maps as rational and two as irrational ; besides he used the footings judging/perceiving. Thinking can account for logic and judgment. Our likes/dislikes are a feeling map. These two maps are known as rational as they use our reflecting ability. Sensation and intuition are known as irrational maps because it is what is seen in the external universe ( esthesis ) and interior universe ( intuition ) . In pattern. the subsidiary map is ever one whose nature. rational or irrational. is different from the primary map. For case. feeling can non be the secondary map when thought is dominant. and frailty versa. because both are rational and judging maps ( Daryl Sharp. 1989. p. 19 ) One of the four maps may be developed more. and this would be known as a primary or superior map. whilst the others may be classed as inferior. What this means is that a primary map is one which a individual uses more. whilst possibly. other maps are non used so much ( inferior ) and these might lend to a individual experiencing unable to get by with a state of affairs in which an inferior map is needed to be active. Jung acknowledged that the four orienting maps do non incorporate everything in the witting mind. Will power and memory. for case. are non included. The ground for this is that they are non typological determinants-though of course they may be affected by the manner one maps typologically believing is ever accompanied by an lower status of feeling. and differentiated esthesis is deleterious to intuition and frailty versa ( ref. Daryl Sharp. 1987. p. 15 ) Jung used the term ‘libido’ to specify what he meant by extravert and introvert. it was non meant in a sexual manner. like Freud. but as a term for energy. Introversion. writes Jung. â€Å"is usually characterized by a hesitant. brooding. retiring nature that keeps itself to itself. psychiatrists from objects { and } is ever somewhat on the defensive† . Conversely. Extraversion â€Å"is usually characterized by an outgoing. candid. and suiting nature that adapts easy to a given state of affairs. rapidly form fond regards. and. puting aside any possible scruples. will frequently venture Forth with careless assurance into unknown situations† . ( ref. Daryl Sharp1987. p. 13 ) . The balance between the two can be disturbed either manner. on the one side. utmost backdown. invagination or even psychosis. cuts a individual off from external world. On the other side. overly extroverted or constricted personalities may be cut off from subjective feelings or interior world ( Ref. Dennis Brown & A ; Jonathan Redder 1989p. 81 ) . Jung acknowledged that it is sometimes hard to work out what personality type some people belong to. he stated. ‘†¦It is frequently really hard to happen out whether a individual belongs to one type or the other. particularly in respect to oneself’ ( ref Jung. Anthony Stevens. 2001. p. 99 ) Peoples change their manner of behavior in different fortunes. because this is the manner they wish to be perceived. to be accepted by others. Jung referred to this as a character ( or a mask ) where a individual relays to others. person they are non. apparently to conform to others outlooks of them. This is besides known as the crude side of the personality The character Page 6 signifiers in early childhood. when a kid signifiers in his head what is acceptable to his parents. instructors etc. If it is repressed this is what Jung referred to as ‘the shadow’ . If the shadow is non allowed to come up. it will turn bigger. Jung believed that by confronting up to your shadow. it may enable you to alter it. The shadow may emerge in times of utmost anger/dreams. Jung believed that the shadow is indispensable as it allows an single to see the universe. We are each Born with a natural balance. If our natural balance is disquieted due to repression or conditioning so our heads will in some manner seek to reconstruct the balance which Jung saw as the power of the unconscious surfacing as ‘the return of the pent-up ‘ . The self-importance emerges out of the ego in childhood. It is your individualism. who you are. your ain self-importance appertaining merely to you. the Centre of consciousness. As you go into maturity there may be problem between the self-importance and ego. as the persons attitude alteration. Avowal of the Self liberates its originative energies and brings certain cognition that the best life is the life lived sub specie fraternization ( ref. . Anthony Stevens 2001. p. 157 ) . Jung seemed to put a batch of accent on the Self. I suppose this is because it is the Self. which he believed. will finally imagine alteration in behavior. He was one of the few psychologists in the 20th century to keep that development extends beyond childhood and adolescence through mid-life into old age. ( ref. Anthony Stevens 2001. p. 38 ) . . Jung disagreed with Freud on his positions on gender i. e. the ‘Oedipus complex’ . Jung preferred to name this complex ‘a love aspect’ . of a mother/child and non a sexual one/incest. as Freud believed to be the instance. Jung and Freud both agreed though. that unconscious ideas ( dreams ) were the manner to personal penetration of the person. After his separating with Freud. overtly because of dissension about the importance of gender. but possibly besides over father-son competitions. Jung once more withdrew into what Heisenberg ( 1970 ) calls a ‘creative illness’ during which he excessively conducted a ego analysis ( ref Dennis Brown and Jonathan Redder ( 1989 ) p. 107 ) . But he did non utilize ‘free association’ . but provoked unconscious imagination which he wrote down. pull his dreams. protracting narratives which he told himself. This is how he became involved in analytical psychological science. He spent long periods at his lakeside retreat. jumping between his inner world/ outer universe. Freud. looked back into a client’s childhood. whereas Jung looked to the hereafter more and did non set much importance into the past. more in what can be achieved. the ends to take for†¦ . . the hope†¦ . . of alteration. The unconscious head of a adult male. Jung believed. contained a female component ( anima ) . and a woman’s a male component ( animosity ) . These he believed to be linked to titillating desires. on what the single discoveries attractive in the opposite sex. Another belief Jung held. is that if a individual reacts really strongly to his anima/animus it may take to homosexualism. This is what he believed. non which has been proven to be true. Page 7 Jung’s theories. I believe to be utile in therapy. because if you can measure an persons personality. you can endeavour to do the therapy more applicable to their ‘type’ which Jung viewed as their singularity as an person. ‘the wholeness’ . He did non conceal behind a client like Freud. preferring to utilize a face to confront method. where the client and the healer are equal ; he besides used personal work on dreams. a assortment of ways to seek and advance growing in the client. to look to the hereafter. His positions on mental unwellness gave some hope to a sick person as he believed that within the psychosis experienced there is a personality concealed. with hopes. desires etc. he tried to understand them through reading. Jung saw mental unwellness as a defect. as inferior. but tried to assist the single face this inferior side and near his extrospective side to accomplish ‘wholeness’ . On the whole. Jung’s typology is best used in the manner that one would utilize a compass ; all typological possibilities are theoretically available to the Self. but it is utile to be able to set up those coordinates that one is utilizing to chart one’s class through life. Jung accepted that this class is ne'er intractably fixed ; it may be at any clip be capable to change. Viewed in this visible radiation. consciousness of one’s psychological type is non a restraint but release. for it can open up new navigational possibilities in life. the being of which 1 might otherwise ne'er have discovered ( ref. Anthony Stevens. 2001. p. 101 ) Jung possessed his critics. chiefly Freudian. after his split with Freud ; in peculiar his Archetypes theories concentrating on Jung’s belief that the beginnings of originals ( and their footing in the corporate unconscious ) transcend to the person. in that they reflect on hereditary or cosmopolitan kernel. The review besides examines a related impression of Jung’s. that the corporate unconscious unites us with the universe around us in an immediate paranormal or synchronism sense. These impressions of Jung’s are found to be earnestly flawed. In malice of this. the review suggests that Jung’s belief in the familial footing of certain unconscious content holds some promise. With this in head. suggestions are made refering needful alteration in Jung’s theory and refering the sort of grounds required for its support. ( ref. Journey of Humanistic Psychology. Spring 1996. Vol 36 no. 261. 91. p. 223-242. Another unfavorable judgment with respects to Jung is he does non dig into childhood experience ; in contrast to Freud and depth psychology and some psychologists find his theories hard and drawn out. Besides his theory does bring forth a moderate sum of research and 2 ) Neither possible to verify or distort. ( ref. HttpYahoo. com. Page 8 Conclusion In order to expeditiously assist a client and to find curative ends it is necessary to set up whether a individual is chiefly orientated toward their inner ( invagination ) or outer universe ( extroversion ) and following to measure which are the dominant and auxillary psychological maps of the client. Jung said that people connect thoughts. feelings. experiences and information by manner of associations in the unconscious in such a manner as to impact their behaviour. He identified these groupings as ‘Complexes’ . He believed that they may be organised around a peculiar individual or object and the healer may utilize this cognition to convey to the head of the client’s consciousness a state of affairs which they may be happening hard to untangle from. The curative end of Jungian therapy is to assist the client resoluteness imbalanced facets of their personality which nowadays in a figure of differing ways of psychological perturbation. Examples include: utmost negativeness. dependences. grades of paranoia. sudden spiritual transition. in appropriate fond regards to unsuitable spouses. craze. passion. depression. hypochondrias or schizophrenic personality traits as Jung himself had as a male child. By understanding his theory and how each type may show the healer can assist them unlock the shadow sides of their personality. It is a procedure in which the client is helped to come to footings with the topographic point of ego within their ain universe and besides to assist them see that they are portion of a greater corporate unconscious. Much of Jung’s work was about the interconnection of all people and civilizations. Today more than of all time as we seek to go â€Å"one world† Jung’s work with eastern every bit good as western faiths and civilizations seems more and more appropriate. The work of Hans Eysenck through empirical surveies across the universe has shown that personality types exist in all civilizations and hence concludes that there is a familial constituent to personality types. â€Å"Such transverse cultural unanimity would be improbable if biological factors did non play a prevailing part† ( Eysenck. 1990 ) But like Jung he believed that environmental factors likely find how much an person will develop to their full potency. The usage of appropriate appraisal techniques can be priceless in assisting a healer to develop the untapped potency within the person and is so making contribute to the corporate unconsciousness and synchronism of the planet as a whole.

Travel and Tourism Trends and Factors

A trend Is something that is reoccurring more and more often until It becomes a popular thing to do. The first trend I am going to explore Is the greater flexiblllty of booking products. This has become possible due to alterations in the traditional chain of distribution. This relates to the trend of using the Internet to book holidays as It Is a lot through this In which people can book their products. The reason for this that the services such as the principals have their own websites. his makes It simpler and easier for the ustomers to reach them directly and book their holidays this way. 1 In November 201 2, Thomas COOK which has 1. 300 travel agent shops, was forced to turn to its banks for increased loans as it looked like it might not struggle to survive. The impact this has had Is the fact that there isn't near as much demand for in branch travel agencies as everything is done virtually through the principals. However in doing this it has caused a reduction in cost for the tr avel agencies as they too have moved online. 3Wlth approximately 50 per cent of passengers travelling from the uK on budget irlines and almost 40 per cent of holidaymakers booking ‘DIY' holidays, both offering added flexibility to a trip, ensuring the transportation of luggage Is as cost-effective as the rest of the holiday is becoming more difficult. This also has an impact on the tourist travel information centres as the principals generally only offer a basic service and therefore the tourist Information offered by some companies wouldn't be included in their service.So the tourist travel Information centres would have to supply more leaflets and guides for the tourists so they can know about the local attractions and where to visit as a tourist. Another thing it has an impact on is the need for accommodation, as it is possible to contact the hotels directly they may need to advance and expand their hotels to meet the demand for more customers Instead of Just the customers who book through travel agencies and tour operators as part of packages.Principals do sell their products directly to their customers however the traditional chain of distribution Is still existent but it is not at the forefront of the travel and tourism industry as it has been In the past. It Is estimated that over 95% of holidays are now booked online, owever it is only a small percentage of these that are booked as separate principals. In 2012, Thomas Cook Group made 25% of Its sales through Its own web channels. OFS witn weD sales In Nortnern Europe at K package Duslness at 3 distribution is a key area of focus for the Group going forward and will be developed as part of an Omni-channel distribution strategy. The next trend I am going to explore is Adventure Holidays. 4The passport travel to adventure document (2009) state that the adventure travel market is worth E180m a year to the travel and tourism industry. This is an area of the Travel and Tourism ndustry that is rapidly g rowing due to the increase of people who want to experience thrill and adventurous and stimulating experiences in their spare time.The term Adventure can be used to talk about a wide range of holidays; it can vary from something as simple as a cruise along the river Nile to trekking in the Himalayas, visiting the plains of Africa or Scuba diving in foreign waters. There are certain countries that market their selves as adventure holiday destinations; an example of one of these countries is New Zealand. New Zealand offers a wide range of adventure ctivities such as Canyoning, Bungee Jumping, Hot Air Ballooning, Under Sea Canyoning and White Water Rafting. The graph here shows the different locations and types of activities of adventure holidays. Some of these destinations are very remote and therefore the impact these adventure holidays would have is an increase in accommodation needed to cater for the increasing number of people. In doing this there would be an increase of Jobs and also an expansion of facilities available in these areas. In the increase it would also invite new businesses to move into the area as there is a good opportunity to xpand their businesses to there.However as the businesses do expand to these locations there is the risk of Americanisation and the natural and remote locations could lose the natural beauty that many people come specifically to see. The reason that these holidays and this destination are becoming more popular is because people now have the opportunity and the communication available to them to book these things and try new experiences, also it widens the genre of holiday to a further audience and can cater for these people who would prefer an adventure holiday in comparison to a family or relaxing holiday.The YouGov survey (2009) 6shows a predicted 70% increase in participation in adventure travel over the next 3 years. Based on our survey responses, compared to the previous three years. I ne tnlra ana Tlnal trend I am going to explore Is new aestlnatlons. wnat I mean Dy this is the new and exciting far away destinations that are now offered to customers due to the advance in aerospace technology. From the I-JK there are hundreds of destinations you can fly to. When commercial flights first began nobody would have been able to fly to the Caribbean or to South America.However now thousands of eople visit every year. As the appetite for the long haul destinations has increased, in general the ticket prices have fallen which makes them available for many more customers who may have been out of the price range when they first became available. Demands for destinations fluctuate all the times in response to a variety of factors. ABTA's Travel Trends report suggest that, for a destination to become â€Å"hot† and attract more visitors, it must score highly on the following six points which are safety, accessibility, infrastructure, affordability, weather and the X factor.Erik Wolf, president of the International Culinary Tourism Association, said awareness of the importance of this sector has been increasing across the world for several years. He revealed that there are â€Å"always new destinations that catch the eye of culinary travellers† and described Singapore, Peru and South Australia as â€Å"particularly hot right now†. The impact of new destinations is the fact that there will be more people visiting these far out countries that will help them to develop and expand which will positively help their economy Destinations that ABTA says has all of these are Dubai, Germany, Morocco, Canada and South Africa.Spain is a top foreign destination for EIJ residents in 2012. There has been 1% less business travellers in 2013 than in 2012. There are 6% more visitors to Spain in 2013 than in 2012. In 2005 there were 29. 971 million visitors in the UK but increased in 2012 to 31. 084 million visitors. A hot favourite to become a new popular destination in 2014 and t he upcoming years is brazil. Due to the upcoming world cup and Olympic games Factors A factor is something that affects something whether it be positively or negatively, just like everything else there are factors that affect the travel and tourism industry.The first factor I am going to explore is that of Natural Disasters. Natural disasters, such as volcanic eruptions, Tsunamis, floods and hurricanes, can cause havoc to a countrys travel and tourism sector. The Asian tsunami that affected Indian Ocean countries in late 2004 and Hurricane Katrina's devastation of New Orleans in 2005 are examples that are all too familiar. The eruption of the Iceland volcano and subsequent ash cloud over Europe is another case in point. Although tourism can be badly affected very quickly when such disasters occur, the sector has proved itself to e very resilient in the face of adversity.Tourism in areas affected by natural disasters usually returns to its former state, on the back of investment in n ew hotels, infrastructure and other tourist facilities. The tsunami in Japan in 2011 had a lot of negative effects on the Japanese travel and tourism industry. Japanese Travel & Tourism GDP fell 4% during 2011, with domestic spending down 2. 9% and visitor exports down 27% – in line with a 28% decline in international tourist arrivals. This in turn had a knock-on effect on capital investment in Japan's Travel ; Tourism sector, hich fell by an estimated 6. 2%, despite major reconstruction efforts later in the year.The next factor I am going to explore is that of Terrorism. Due to terrorism security throughout the whole of the travel and tourism sector has increased drastically. Britain is one of the safest countries in the world for tourists to visit and explore, but recent terrorist events around the world, and the London bombing of 717 2005 in particular, have made safety and security a key issue for tourism sector in the I-JK. Following 9/1 1 , extra security measures were introduced at airports across the world, hile the London bombing led to heightened security at railway stations across the country.Although such measures can cause extra delays, most travellers are willing to sacrifice a little time in return for a safer Journey. One of the worst recorded terrorist attacks was 9/1 1 which the occurrence that happened when two planes were hijacked and flown into the world trade centre. After the 9/1 1 attacks in 2001, New York City lost $323. 7 million in tourism revenue as visitors avoided the city in fear of another attack. And though tourism to New York City today is higher than t's ever been, it took several years to rebound.The third and final factor I am going to explore is Cost of Travel. Travel costs are always cnanglng In response to aemana. wnen aemana Is low companles cut prlces to stimulate demand, but when demand is high prices tend to remain high. The cost of travel has actually been falling relative to other costs in recent years. Comp etition among holiday companies, the growth of low-cost airlines and development of budget hotels have all helped keep prices down. The world recession of recent years has resulted in fewer overseas visitors coming to Britain. Travel and Tourism Trends and Factors Trends and FactorsTrendsA trend is something that is reoccurring more and more often until it becomes a popular thing to do.The first trend I am going to explore is the greater flexibility of booking products. This has become possible due to alterations in the traditional chain of distribution. This relates to the trend of using the internet to book holidays as it is a lot through this in which people can book their products. The reason for this that the services such as the principals have their own websites, this makes it simpler and easier for the customers to reach them directly and book their holidays this way.In November 2012, Thomas Cook, which has 1,300 travel agent shops, was forced to turn to its banks for increased loans as it looked like it might not struggle to survive. The impact this has had is the fact that there isn’t near as much demand for in branch travel agencies as everything is done virtually through the principals. However in doing this it has caused a reduction in cost for the travel agencies as they too have moved online.With approximately 50 per cent of passengers travelling from the UK on budget airlines and almost 40 per cent of holidaymakers booking ‘DIY' holidays, both offering added flexibility to a trip, ensuring the transportation of luggage is as cost-effective as the rest of the holiday is becoming more difficult.This also has an impact on the tourist travel information centres as the principals generally only offer a basic service and therefore the tourist information offered by some companies wouldn’t be included in their service. So the tourist travel information centres would have to supply more leaflets and guides for the tourists so they can know about the local attractions and where to visit as a tourist.Another thing it has an impact on is the need for accommodation, as it is possible to contact the hotels directly they may need to advance and expand their hotels to meet the demand for more custome rs instead of just the customers who book through travel agencies and tour operators as part of packages.Principals do sell their products directly to their customers however the traditional chain of distribution is still existent but it is not at the forefront of the travel and tourism industry as it has been in the past. It is estimated that over 95% of holidays are now booked online, however it is only a small percentage of these that are booked as separate principals. In 2012, Thomas Cook Group made 25% of its sales through its own web channels, with web sales in Northern Europe at 69% and the UK package business at 35%.Web distribution is a key area of focus for the Group going forward and will be developed as part of an Omni-channel distribution strategy.The next trend I am going to explore is Adventure Holidays. 4The passport travel to adventure document (2009) state that the adventure travel market is worth  £180m a year to the travel and tourism industry. This is an area of the Travel and Tourism industry that is rapidly growing due to the increase of people who want to experience thrill and adventurous and stimulating experiences in their spare time. The term Adventure can be used to talk about a wide range of holidays; it can vary from something as simple as a cruise along the river Nile to trekking in the Himalayas, visiting the plains of Africa or Scuba diving in foreign waters.There are certain countries that market their selves as adventure holiday destinations; an example of one of these countries is New Zealand. New Zealand offers a wide range of adventure activities such as Canyoning, Bungee Jumping, Hot Air Ballooning, Under Sea Canyoning and White Water Rafting.The graph here shows the different locations and types of activities of adventure holidays. Some of these destinations are very remote and therefore the impact these adventure holidays would have is an increase in accommodation needed to cater for the increasing number of people. I n doing this there would be an increase of jobs and also an expansion of facilities  available in these areas. In the increase it would also invite new businesses to move into the area as there is a good opportunity to expand their businesses to there.However as the businesses do expand to these locations there is the risk of Americanisation and the natural and remote locations could lose the natural beauty that many people come specifically to see. The reason that these holidays and this destination are becoming more popular is because people now have the opportunity and the communication available to them to book these things and try new experiences, also it widens the genre of holiday to a further audience and can cater for these people who would prefer an adventure holiday in comparison to a family or relaxing holiday. The YouGov survey (2009) 6shows a predicted 70% increase in participation in adventure travel over the next 3 years. Based on our survey responses, compared to the previous three years.The third and final trend I am going to explore is new destinations. What I mean by this is the new and exciting far away destinations that are now offered to customers due to the advance in aerospace technology. From the UK there are hundreds of destinations you can fly to. When commercial flights first began nobody would have been able to fly to the Caribbean or to South America. However now thousands of people visit every year. As the appetite for the long haul destinations has increased, in general the ticket prices have fallen which makes them available for many more customers who may have been out of the price range when they first became available.Demands for destinations fluctuate all the times in response to a variety of factors. ABTA’s Travel Trends report suggest that, for a destination to become â€Å"hot† and attract more visitors, it must score highly on the following six points which are safety, accessibility, infrastructure, aff ordability, weather and the X factor.Erik Wolf, president of the International Culinary Tourism Association, said awareness of the importance of this sector has been increasing across the world for several years. He revealed that there are â€Å"always new destinations that catch the eye of culinary travellers† and described Singapore, Peru and South Australia as â€Å"particularly hot right now†.The impact of new destinations is the fact that there will be more people visiting these far out countries that will help them to develop and expand which will positively help their economy Destinations that ABTA says has all of these are Dubai, Germany, Morocco, Canada and South Africa. Spain is a top foreign destination for EU residents in 2012. There has been 1% less business travellers in 2013 than in 2012. There are 6% more visitors to Spain in 2013 than in 2012. In 2005 there were 29.971 million visitors in the UK but increased in 2012 to 31.084 million visitors.A hot fa vourite to become a new popular destination in 2014 and the upcoming years is brazil. Due to the upcoming world cup and Olympic games.FactorsA factor is something that affects something whether it be positively or negatively, just like everything else there are factors that affect the travel and tourism industry.The first factor I am going to explore is that of Natural Disasters. Natural disasters, such as volcanic eruptions, Tsunamis, floods and hurricanes, can cause havoc to a country’s travel and tourism sector. The Asian tsunami that affected Indian Ocean countries in late 2004 and Hurricane Katrina’s devastation of New Orleans in 2005 are examples that are all too familiar. The eruption of the Iceland volcano and subsequent ash cloud over Europe is another case in point.Although tourism can be badly affected very quickly when such disasters occur, the sector has proved itself to be very resilient in the face of adversity. Tourism in areas affected by natural disas ters usually returns to its former state, on the back of investment in new hotels, infrastructure and other tourist facilities. The tsunami in Japan in 2011 had a lot of negative effects on the Japanese travel and tourism industry. Japanese Travel & Tourism GDP fell 4% during 2011, with domestic spending down 2.9% and visitor exports down 27% – in line with a 28% decline in international tourist arrivals. This in turn had a knock-on effect on capital investment in Japan’s Travel & Tourism sector, which fell by an  estimated 6.2%, despite major reconstruction efforts later in the year.The next factor I am going to explore is that of Terrorism. Due to terrorism security throughout the whole of the travel and tourism sector has increased drastically. Britain is one of the safest countries in the world for tourists to visit and explore, but recent terrorist events around the world, and the London bombing of 7/7 2005 in particular, have made safety and security a key issu e for tourism sector in the UK. Following 9/11, extra security measures were introduced at airports across the world, while the London bombing led to heightened security at railway stations across the country.Although such measures can cause extra delays, most travellers are willing to sacrifice a little time in return for a safer journey. One of the worst recorded terrorist attacks was 9/11 which the occurrence that happened when two planes were hijacked and flown into the world trade centre. After the 9/11 attacks in 2001, New York City lost $323.7 million in tourism revenue as visitors avoided the city in fear of another attack. And though tourism to New York City today is higher than it's ever been, it took several years to rebound.The third and final factor I am going to explore is Cost of Travel. Travel costs are always changing in response to demand. When demand is low companies cut prices to stimulate demand, but when demand is high prices tend to remain high. The cost of tr avel has actually been falling relative to other costs in recent years. Competition among holiday companies, the growth of low-cost airlines and development of budget hotels have all helped keep prices down. The world recession of recent years has resulted in fewer overseas visitors coming to Britain.

The Trends of Cloud Computing

The Trends of Cloud Computing Introduction In the past years data storage, access and retrieval have been tedious and time consuming. As times have been changing, different approaches have been considered in undertaking different duties.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Trends of Cloud Computing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This has necessitated the continuous development of technology. This has been done by doing research and improving the current technology as time passes. In the business world, time management and efficiency are key aspects to continuous business growth. This has led to integration of information technology in their day to day operation of the businesses. The advancement of information technology has found its significance in different business aspects which includes: accounting software, computer aided design, computer aided manufacturing, computer assisted dispatch, customer relation management, data warehouse, d ecision support system, electronic data processing, enterprise resource planning, geographic information system, management information system, material requirement planning, strategic enterprise management, supply chain management, product life cycle management and utility computing among others. This paper gives a concise study of cloud computing. The computer and its communication with others form the basis of computing. This paper seeks to explore the trends of cloud computing. Cloud computing There are many versions used to explain cloud computing in, â€Å"Cloud computing is information processing model in which centrally administered computing capabilities are delivered as services, on an as needed basis, across the network to a variety of user facing devices† (Chee Franklin, 2009, p. 4). It therefore refers to accessibility of data to different persons. It is compared to the internet which has accessibility to different individual and acts as the centre for data acce ss. Cloud computing has a centre responsible for handling all the data and making it accessible to the user at their request. It also has the privilege of limiting the access to different individuals according to the agreements made. This reduces the overall costs as the main costs are shared. To ensure uniformity in the computing field there are a number of abstraction that are allowed. The frequently operation one is the open systems interconnections. This ensures universality of software. This also gets rid of dependence of communication on a specific platform. All these regulations are based on the seven layer model.Advertising Looking for term paper on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The seven layers are â€Å"physical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer, session layer, Presentation layer and application layer† (Chee Franklin, 2009, p. 4). These layers perform different but specifi c roles. The interactions between the various layers are responsible for efficient open networking. Due to various reasons, there can be failures in the internet providers. With cloud computing the likelihood of the application failures in case of failure by the internet provides. But if all resources required are obtained from the same site, then they will be inaccessible until everything is brought back to its normal operation. This has limitation in that it is not advisable to store crucial data in other machines other than that of the owner. There is also a demerit in integrating applications. This is brought forth by the fact that the server and user are not close in proximity and thus accessibility and manipulation of data is not that free as it is under control. Components of Cloud Computing The cloud computing comprises of different elements. These include clients at the receiving end, the data centre as well as servers which are located at various locations. These different elements are allocated specific task to perform. There are cases when one machine is run from another. This is referred to as Full virtualization. Virtualization occurs when the two platforms have similar hardware platform. Thus one machine acts as the master while the other acts as the servant. This type of virtualization is efficient in case of numerous users. This can be used to control the user’s access to programs. On the other hand, multiple operating systems can run on the same hardware platform. This is referred to as paravirtualization. These different operating systems can run at the same time. Paravirtualization is found to be good and performs well in various deployments. These deployments include: â€Å"disaster recovery, migration and capacity management† (Chee Franklin, 2009, p. 4). Softwares are applications that are installed on the computers. In cloud computing, the users can either avail it through the internet or off-site. Depending on the softwar e availability, they can availed or denied right to alter other systems. Due to the need for different software, some of them are provided. SaaS is one of the providers. It has some benefits which include: â€Å"familiarity, smaller staff requirement, customization, good marketing, web reliability, security as well as more bandwidth† (Chee Franklin, 2009, p. 4). Despite the numerous merits, it also faces obstacles.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Trends of Cloud Computing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some Obstacles The amount of data stored for retrieval is large. Thus an efficient system must be put in place to ensure ease in retrieval and updating. Databases are used for this purpose. They have various advantages which include: â€Å"improved availability, improved performance, less expensive and flexibility† (Chee Franklin, 2009, p. 4). Its main problems are associated with security a nd integrity. In cloud computing, database as a service (DaaS) is very useful and beneficial in ease of accessibility, power, integration and management. There are numerous providers among them Microsoft structured query language (MS SQL) and Oracle. Due the presence of many applications in cloud solution system, there arises the need for identity management. This is applicable by limiting accessibility to users if and only if the login details coincide with those in the database. This avoids unauthorized persons from accessing the information. Identification may be required when accessing both the cloud and the local network. There are also identity federation standards. They outline the operation roles. In the case a user requires secure internet access, the identity provider is used. It is used in the case of many users. The other one is the service provider (Toby, Velte, Velte, Elsenpeter, 2009). It is possible and efficient to run other application from a local server. This is applicable to various institutions and reduces the costs incurred. This is referred to as intranet. The good thing about cloud computing is that it can run on different platforms e.g. Linux and windows 7. This brings about uniformity irrespective of the service provider. Cloud Computing Implementations Cloud computation has various implementations. These includes compute clouds, cloud storage and cloud application. They differ in flexibility and size of organization. The limitation of cloud computing is that, sensitive or restricted data for example medical records are not preferred. There are legislative measures that allow access of data to specified security organs without owners consent. Also there is restriction in posting information outside ones region due to geographical and political reasons. Cloud solution is not effective for dependent application. Thus universal applications are best suited. Full control in cloud solution is not very appropriate. One of the main things to consider in cloud solution is the cost. The overall cost of installing the entire system is very expensive.Advertising Looking for term paper on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus cloud computing is found to be cost effective due to shared costs. It also reduces work load for the information department of a given corporation. To increase security, data encryption using passwords is used (Meghanathan, 2010). This is also dependent to a higher level to the application used. Programming is the key to application development. One can be able to make different applications that satisfy his specific needs. This is however dependent on individual proficiency in programming. After writing the code, deployment is done to make the self executable files. Graphical user interfaces will be essential for efficient communication between the user and the database. There are various kinds of database architectures. These includes: single tier architecture database, two tier architecture database and multiple tier architecture database. The difference in this architecture is in the number of users. There must be sufficient knowledge on how to avail, manipulate and control the data. Despite the many merits of making a personal database, there are problems which arise in case of multiple users (Ugbolue, 2009). Due to the presence of traffic in communication, there has been on going research on how to approach the problem. The information technology is very active is presenting a future solution to the traffic problem (Slabeva, (2009). The cost of implementing a new system is very expensive and would take too much time. Due to this reason, the current best approach to this problem is to try and modify our current system. This entails the use of items to trace cloud traffic and then using them to control the traffic. One of these modern equipments is a router (Meghanathan, 2010). Thus many institutions in the world are implementing the cloud computing system. On the other hand academic institutions are trying to explore and know more about it. This has resulted in various changes in the flow and accessibility of data. Thus joint collaboration between th e two groups should result into further development in the cloud computing system (Jaatun, 2009). In the business fields, the main benefits are improved quality service provision, cost justifiable service quality, services that meet business, customer and user demands, integrated centralized processes, ones knowledge on his roles and responsibilities and demonstrable performance indicators (Beard, 2008). Despite all these merits, there is a future problem of traffic. Therefore continuous researches have to be conducted to get a way out of this forthcoming mess. References Beard, H. (2008). Cloud Computing Best Practices for Managing and Measuring Processes for On-Demand Computing, Applications and Data Centers in the Cloud with Slas. Pittsburgh, PA: Lulu. Chee, B. J. S. Franklin. C. (2009).  Cloud Computing: Technologies and Strategies of the Ubiquitous Data Center. London, United Kingdom: CRC Press. Jaatun, M. G. (2009). Cloud Computing: First International Conference, CloudCom 2009, Beijing, China, December 1-4, 2009, Proceedings. New York, NY: Springer. Meghanathan, N. (2010). Recent Trends in Network Security and Applications: Third International Conference. New York, NY: Springer Slabeva, K. S. (2009). Grid and Cloud Computing: A Business Perspective on Technology and Applications. New York, NY: Springer Toby, T. Velte, A. Velte, T. J. Elsenpeter, R. C. (2009). Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach. New York, NY: McGraw Hill Professional. Ugbolue, S. C. O. (2009). Polyolefin fibres: industrial and medical applications. London, United Kingdom: CRC Press.

Can You Take the ACT Without Geometry

Can You Take the ACT Without Geometry SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Have you not taken a geometry class yet, or do you feel like geometry's not your strong suit? If that's the case, how well can you do on the ACT without a strong knowledge of geometry? Let's approach this by first considering how many of the math questions on the ACT cover geometry and, its close relative, trigonometry. How Much Geometry and Trigonometry Are On the ACT? The math section on the ACT asks 60 questions in 60 minutes. The exact number of geometry questions varies between 35% and 45%, so you might encounter between 21 and 27 geometry questions, a significant portion. 5% to 10% more cover trigonometry, which might involve relations in right triangles or functions. This equates to about 3 to 6 more questions. To break all of geometry down into more specific topics: Coordinate Geometry, 15-20%, 9 - 12 questions Plane Geometry, 20-25%, 12 - 15 questions Trigonometry, 5-10%, 3-6 questions Total, 40-55%, 24 - 33 questions The remainder of the ACT math sections covers algebra, including pre-algebra, elementary algebra, and intermediate algebra. Let's take a closer look at the concepts covered within geometry and trigonometry. Even if you haven't taken a geometry class, you might have a working or intuitive understanding of some of these concepts. What Concepts In Geometry and Trigonometry Are Covered? Coordinate Geometry Coordinate geometry covers the following concepts: Graphing and relations between equations and graphs, including points, lines, polynomials, circles, and other curves Graphing inequalities Slope Parallel and perpendicular lines Distance Midpoints Conics For example, the following problem tests your understanding of graphing and distance, as well as a basic understanding of what a rectangle is, which overlaps with the next subtopic: plane geometry. Answer: F Plane Geometry Plane geometry questions cover Properties and relations of plane figures, including angles and relations among perpendicular and parallel lines Properties of shapes, like circles, triangles, rectangles, parallelograms, and trapezoids Transformations Proofs and proof techniques Volume Applications of geometry to three dimensions For instance, the following problem asks you to draw on your understanding of parallel lines and properties of shapes, including both angles and relations among parallel lines. Answer: D Trigonometry The trigonometry questions might cover these concepts: Trigonometric relations in right triangles Values and properties of trigonometric functions Graphing trigonometric functions Modeling using trigonometric functions Trigonometric identities Solving trigonometric equations The following example problem tests your understanding of trigonometric relations in a right triangle. Answer: C As you can see, there are several subtopics within each of these areas that might be covered by questions on the ACT. If you have little to no knowledge of geometry or trigonometry, how well can you expect to score on the math section of the ACT? What Score Can You Get Without Geometry or Trigonometry? Let's say you skipped every single geometry question on the ACT and answered all the remaining math questions perfectly. In this scenario, the highest score you could get (out of a maximum 36) would be between 21 and 24. This depends on exactly how many geometry questions there were. However, if you're not familiar with geometry, it's probably safe to assume you don't have much experience in trigonometry, either. So if you skipped all the geometry and trigonometry questions, while answering the remaining ones correctly, the highest score you could get would be somewhere between 18 and 23. Where exactly did I get these estimates? Take a look at the score chart below to see how your raw score gets scaled to a score between 1 and 36 on the ACT. Remember your raw score is simply the number of questions you answer correctly. I cut this scoring chart off at 13, but it is possible to score as low as 1. If you're interested in the full scoring charts of all sections of the ACT, check out this article here. Raw Score Scaled Score Raw Score Scaled Score 58-60 36 38 24 57-58 35 40 23 55-56 34 36-37 22 54 33 34-35 21 53 32 33 20 52 31 31-32 19 50-51 30 29-30 18 49 29 27-28 17 47-48 28 24-26 16 45-46 27 19-23 15 43-44 26 15-18 14 41-42 25 12 - 14 13 As you can tell from the math questions and scoring charts, geometry and trigonometry really are a significant part of the math section of the ACT. So if you haven't taken these courses in school before you're sitting for the ACT, what should you do? ACT Math Takeaways Even if you've never taken a class in these areas, you can still help yourself out a huge amount by studying on your own. Test prep materials are really helpful in breaking down each concept and giving you plenty of focused practice in applying these skills. Some questions, especially those regarding shapes and coordinate geometry, may even be intuitive. You'll likely be able to answer several questions with just a basic knowledge of geometry and some practice. The scenariodescribed above, where you skip all these questions, really never needs to occur, even for students who haven't taken a geometry class yet in their high school career. You might also want to consider taking the SAT instead of the ACT. The SATalso requires your understanding of geometry, but it actually does not cover trigonometry. This article gives you the full breakdown of how much geometry is on the SAT. So don't give up on math; instead, use your gap in knowledge to drive your studying and strengthen your skills with self-studying. It will go a long way toward raising your ACT math score. What's Next? When are you planning the take the ACT? Depending on what year you're taking it, you will have different target scores in mind. Read about what's a good score for a freshman, for a sophomore, and overall for your college applications. Preparation is everything with the ACT. Read these vital tips and strategies for designing your ACT study plan. Are you aiming for perfection? These tips by a full scorer will help you raise your scores and even achieve a perfect 36. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice ACT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score. Check out our 5-day free trial: Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Rebecca Safier About the Author Rebecca graduated with her Master's in Adolescent Counseling from the Harvard Graduate School of Education. She has years of teaching and college counseling experience and is passionate about helping students achieve their goals and improve their well-being. She graduated magna cum laude from Tufts University and scored in the 99th percentile on the SAT. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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Im with the Band

Im with the Band With todays competitive market, I think many authors are failing to make an income because they havent decided what kind of author they are. Knowing what level youre willing to work, how much time you have, and your goals determine your success. Like rock bands, authors need to know where they stand: Garage bands For as long as I can remember, musicians have been trying to break into the industry. They start out as garage bands, to which I liken a writer who writes to publish. Someone who likes to share their work with their few followers of friends and family. They are content here or they wish to grow. But this is the type of writer who doesnt work their business as an author. They do it more for fun. Cover artists This group of musicians has established a following and has proven talented enough to be booked Local bands This group writes their own music, they practice on a regular basis, and are serious about their music, but many of them still hold a day job. A local band that plays its own songs stands out and builds a following. They may record their own music and submit to various venues or record labels, hoping to really break in to the music industry. And you know what? Some of them eventually do. They work hard, get better, get discovered, and get their big break. In the publishing world, this is that indie press that takes a chance on an unknown author. They front the cost, help publicize the book, and encourage their author to study and improve their craft. Or that self-published author who knows how to work their business. Some of these authors work hard to build their brand through marketing. Some may even get to quit their day jobs. Superstar The superstar is the musician who has proven their worth, can sell out shows, and produce new and relevant music on a continual basis. They treat their music career like a job, not relying on inspiration to motivate their record release or song writing, and they are constantly improving their skills. Theyve made it! An author reaching superstar status doesnt have to be equated with J.K. Rowling or Stephen King. To me, superstar status is when people beyond your scope of friends and family are buying your books, and when that day job moves farther in the background or becomes non-existent. They work hard and know that they have a show to put on regardless of whether or not they feel like being creative. Think of it this way: You may invest a year or two writing, editing, and publishing your book. Thats two years salary, and you should expect to make $20-$50K, right, depending on what you currently do for work, of course. So, my question is: Are you worth it? Is your manuscript polished enough to be worth that sort of an investment? Is your story original enough to gain a fan base? Are you working your book career as if it were a business to earn that salary? These are questions every author should ask; and if the answer is no, then its time to start taking those steps to perfect your craft in order to answer, YES!

Influence of Security and Trust in the Use of E-Commerce among Essay

Influence of Security and Trust in the Use of E-Commerce among Consumers in China - Essay Example M-com does influence the business activities and consumer behaviour. However, despite these factors such as ease of use and perceived value, the Chinese consumers have been slow to adopt this technology. M-com is still in its infancy in China despite a high rate of mobile phone users (Zhou, 2010). While the e-com revenues are high in China, sophisticated m-com applications are still limited despite China having a mobile subscriber base of 461 million at the end of 2006 – the highest in the world (Xu, Yan & Zheng, 2008). M-com would continue to remain a supplement to the traditional distribution channel because businesses need to develop their m-com offerings to consumers (Zhihao, 2011). Besides, not every consumer likes to shop without visiting the real stores. Investigations on the reasons need to be ascertained. Aims and objectives Several factors influence the use of m-com and these factors may differ across regions, nations and cultures. With the aim to ascertain how secur ity and trust concerns influence the intentions to use m-commerce, the objectives of the study are: To evaluate the benefits of m-com over internet shopping To evaluate the extent to which security and trust deter consumers from using m-commerce To determine the extent to which Chinese consumers use m-commerce for bill payments Literature Review Studies have been conducted on evaluating the cultural reasons why Chinese consumers have been slow in adopting m-commerce. The intentions to use m-com have been determined and Dai and Palvia (2009) found that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use have significant influence on the Chinese consumers’ intention to use m-com. The study however, did not evaluate the reasons or factors that are responsible for low intentions to use e-com in China. One of the possible reasons cited by the authors is security and trust in m-com. Zhou (2010) finds that system quality and the information quality influence the perceived value and the p erceived ease of use of the Chinese consumers. Service quality impacts the level of trust that consumers have in using m-commerce. Switching costs and commitment can also influence m-com which has not been researched. Using mobile phones for financial transactions can bring many benefits to the banking sector but its usage is limited. It not only benefits the banks but also the consumers who can pay for remote purchasing but many systems had to be closed down (Cognet, 2010). Theoretical framework It thus appears that the intention to use depends to a large extent on the system quality, quality of the website and the content. The quality of these factors determines the level of trust that can influence the decision to use m-commerce. Hence the theoretical framework for the study would be based upon the elements of relationship marketing and the trust theory. Relationship marketing encompasses relational contracting and working partnerships. Successful relationship marketing requires mutual trust and commitment. This has become important as organizations realize that they have to collaborate to compete. Thus, to what extent the retailers have been able to generate trust among the consumers would be ascertained because this determines the confidence they would have in engaging in m-commerce. Research Design The youth are more

Healthcare Economics Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Healthcare Economics - Case Study Example It is therefore apparent that the answer of the said question applies the same. It is easy to measure of effects of smoking on individuals than to measure the effects of antismoking campaigns on health. You cannot measure the effects of antismoking campaigns on health before measuring the effects of smoking on individuals. Measuring the effects of smoking on individuals is what derived the antismoking campaigns. Knowing the effects of smoking on individuals led to a derived demand of anti-smoking campaigns on Health, once the effects of smoking on individuals is measured then the need of antismoking campaigns arises and that is what positively contributes to health. Therefore, without measuring smoking effects on individuals, it is hardly possible to know even whether there is a need of antismoking campaigns because it is not assured how harmful it is for the individuals. Through having a price elasticity of less than 1, supply is not so sensitive to prices and based on the high-inco me target market of individuals with $250,000 per annum. Ideally, a price increase for a luxury maternity unit will still be viable and there is bound to be a sure market for the good. With a decrease in income, the income elasticity of demands is bound to change. It will be grater than 1 thus implying that demand for a good becomes more sensitive to a change in income. This only happens in an ideal environment but the economy is always sensitive to changes and employers who are profit minded would go for better pay to their employees.

The Worlds Most Ethical Companies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

The Worlds Most Ethical Companies - Essay Example It also merged with the Quaker Oats Company in 2001. Currently, the company is distributing and providing food and beverages in more than 200 countries in the World. The PepsiCo Company produces several products that gain a large market share in the market compared to other products. Their main product categories include soft drinks, snacks, side dishes, rice snacks, cereals, energy drinks, coffee drinks and breakfast bars. PepsiCo’s business success is as a result of their moral responsibility and treatment to customers, employees and the environment. The company has appropriate and perfect treatment strategies to customers and employees. In addition, it is sensitive to environmental conservation and prevention of environmental pollution (PepsiCo, 2014). First, PepsiCo Company relates well with its customers. This enhances increased sales and improved relations with the customers. The company is socially responsible and sustainable and has a sound advertising strategy with more than forty slogans and songs. These slogans and songs are keys advertising strategy that the company incorporates. Secondly, the company offers promotion to its customers. This is a good strategy of improving customer relations. Late in 2003, Pepsi joined hands with Apple computers and announced promotion that would give one hundred million songs to Pepsi consumers. These free songs were from Apple’s iTunes music store which is a digital music download provider. The promotion initiative places specific codes in one litre bottles of Pepsi, Diet Pepsi, and Sierra Mist. The winning codes get free songs in the iTunes music store. The promotion is an example of PepsiCo’s strategy of capturing young customers. PepsiCo has three Pepsi zone lounge in California, Florida and Illinois. These lounges feature plasma TVs screens, couches, video games and computer stations. Everything in the lounge is free except the Pepsi vending machine which carries a variety of Pepsi

Organization value's Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organization value's - Research Paper Example Perhaps, the conflict weakened the foundation of the university’s mission and vision. A large number of people in the university, such as senior administrators, discovered that severe problems continue unresolved. Demands to the administration led to the formation of a committee tasked to identify the issues that the university’s important constituents had. What followed is a comprehensive assessment of senior administrators. The general findings showed that most British and Irish students and employees had little or even no knowledge of the decisions and actions of the administrators due to poor information sharing. In contrast, the American employees stated they were aware of what should be performed and how it should be realized. In order to concretely ascertain the dissatisfaction with the process of information sharing in the university, I conducted small interviews with some of the administrators, faculty staff, and students. Some of the students and employees bel ieved that the administration could work by itself and should be doubted to work for their best interests. Only the administrative personnel expressed high satisfaction with the process and outcome of information sharing in the university. The responses of the students express a considerable degree of ‘uninformed’ stances. ... and I know that these are not reliable sources of information.† The opinion of the faculty staff on the poor system of information sharing is expressed in the statement, â€Å"Honestly, I am not informed of the steps that are being taken to build the assets of the university. Our administrators do not show genuine commitment to the people at the university, especially with regard to sharing of information and values. Apparently, the dissatisfaction among the employees and students at the university is rooted in the lack of information, but with the Irish people this lack of information is a defense mechanism against accountability. The Americans and British demand information for the purpose of learning. The Irish are more contented with the lack of information for the purpose of blaming. This is a major issue for the university. The responses of the faculty staff, mainly British and American, express discontentment with the administration of Americans and British, whereas the most positive opinions of top administrators originate from the Irish employees. This phenomenon is conceivably brought about by differences in cultures and values within the organization. The Effect of Cultural Diversity and Poor Information Sharing Practices on the University’s Organizational Values The Irish groups demonstrate greater power distance over the British and American personnel. The latter groups demand that they have the right to question or challenge those in authority. My interview reveals that a number of American and British faculty members believe that it is their duty to oppose those in the top echelons. This opposition occurs in person, in the form of debate. On the other hand, Irish personnel dislike opposing those in power. The more relevant the concern is to them, the

The Power of Branding and Service in Business Communications Essay

The Power of Branding and Service in Business Communications - Essay Example This can be attributed to the fact that in the market, there are several products and services, which offer the same benefits to the consumer. In order for an organization to be successful, the name it offers must have a distinct meaning that pushes the consumer into buying it. Even the most successful brands in the market ought to receive rebranding because customer trends are always changing. In addition, a brand’s credibility is very important because it ensures that clients are happy when they are associated with a certain product or service. Contents The Power of Branding and Service in Business Communications 1 Contents 3 1.The Power of Branding and Service in Business Communications 4 2.Background 4 3.Discussion 7 4.Summary 9 5.Conclusion 9 6.References 11 1. The Power of Branding and Service in Business Communications A brand resembles a design, term, name, symbol, or any other feature that differentiates a certain product from the others in the market. Although brandi ng resulted from cattle, a lot has changed and it can be seen in products like Coca Cola from the Coca-Cola Company. It is worth noting that products are not sold but they are bought, which means that they ought to have distinct features that a customer would not fail to realize. Importance of branding is to ensure that clients are aware of the products that they are looking for in the market. Customers control communications and the processes of information gathering meaning that they cannot be avoided when branding. Since customers have a huge role to play in the marketing of products as opposed to the past, it means that they determine what brings value in the goods and services that they buy. Internet connections and the advances that have been made in the information technology sector, ensure that customers share information between themselves without the knowledge of the manufacturer. In addition, customers might act like an organization’s advocates if the services and goods they receive from that organization are up to standard. This implies that marketing is made easier when an organization focuses on serving customers’ interests. Marketing trends have been shifting over the years but customers need to be satisfied by their trusted companies. This implies that branding has a big role to play when it comes to satisfying customers (Tiwari, 2012). 2. Background Studies have shown that branding and marketing are very important aspects in any business that wishes to have a competitive edge in the market. This can be attributed to the fact that the world of business has become very competitive thanks to globalization and as a result, organizations have to make their brands known in the market at any given cost. When customers go to the market, they choose to buy or not to buy a certain product, which means that branding comes in handy. Customers are the key to the success of any given organization. A logo, a truckload of PowerPoint printouts, a nd a theme line are the most important aspects when it comes to marketing (Rossiter & Bellman, 2012). Getting the message across is very important when it comes to branding. This is because customers choose brands, which they are confident in. It means that a customer would be tempted to buy a product or service from a company that she or he is associated with. This cannot be achieved if customers do not want to be associated with a certain brand. Customers ought to understand the importance of a certain brand based on its

Organization value's Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organization value's - Research Paper Example Perhaps, the conflict weakened the foundation of the university’s mission and vision. A large number of people in the university, such as senior administrators, discovered that severe problems continue unresolved. Demands to the administration led to the formation of a committee tasked to identify the issues that the university’s important constituents had. What followed is a comprehensive assessment of senior administrators. The general findings showed that most British and Irish students and employees had little or even no knowledge of the decisions and actions of the administrators due to poor information sharing. In contrast, the American employees stated they were aware of what should be performed and how it should be realized. In order to concretely ascertain the dissatisfaction with the process of information sharing in the university, I conducted small interviews with some of the administrators, faculty staff, and students. Some of the students and employees bel ieved that the administration could work by itself and should be doubted to work for their best interests. Only the administrative personnel expressed high satisfaction with the process and outcome of information sharing in the university. The responses of the students express a considerable degree of ‘uninformed’ stances. ... and I know that these are not reliable sources of information.† The opinion of the faculty staff on the poor system of information sharing is expressed in the statement, â€Å"Honestly, I am not informed of the steps that are being taken to build the assets of the university. Our administrators do not show genuine commitment to the people at the university, especially with regard to sharing of information and values. Apparently, the dissatisfaction among the employees and students at the university is rooted in the lack of information, but with the Irish people this lack of information is a defense mechanism against accountability. The Americans and British demand information for the purpose of learning. The Irish are more contented with the lack of information for the purpose of blaming. This is a major issue for the university. The responses of the faculty staff, mainly British and American, express discontentment with the administration of Americans and British, whereas the most positive opinions of top administrators originate from the Irish employees. This phenomenon is conceivably brought about by differences in cultures and values within the organization. The Effect of Cultural Diversity and Poor Information Sharing Practices on the University’s Organizational Values The Irish groups demonstrate greater power distance over the British and American personnel. The latter groups demand that they have the right to question or challenge those in authority. My interview reveals that a number of American and British faculty members believe that it is their duty to oppose those in the top echelons. This opposition occurs in person, in the form of debate. On the other hand, Irish personnel dislike opposing those in power. The more relevant the concern is to them, the